Contending for the rights of woman, my main argument is built on this simple principle, that if she be not prepared by education to become the companion of man, she will stop the progress of knowledge and virtue; for truth must be common to all, or it will be inefficacious with respect to its influence on general practice. And how can woman be expected to co-operate unless she knows why she ought to be virtuous? Unless freedom strengthen her reason till, she comprehends her duty, and see in what manner it is connected with her real good? If children are to be educated to understand the true principle of patriotism, their mother must be a patriot; and the love of mankind, from which an orderly train of virtues spring, can only be produced by considering the moral and civil interest of mankind; but the education and situation of woman, at present, shuts her out from such investigations.
Consider, sir, dispassionately, these observations — for a glimpse of this truth seemed to open before you when you observed, “that to see one half of the human race excluded by the other from all participation of government, was a political phenomenon that, according to abstract principles, it was impossible to explain.” If so, on what does your constitution rest? If the abstract rights of man will bear discussion and explanation, those of woman, by a parity of reasoning, will not shrink from the same test: though a’ different opinion prevails in this country, built on the very arguments which you use to justify the oppression of woman — prescription.
Consider — I address you as a legislator — whether, when men contend for their freedom, and to be allowed to judge for themselves respecting their own happiness, it be not inconsistent and unjust to subjugate women, even though you firmly believe that you are acting in the manner best calculated to promote their happiness? Who made man the exclusive judge, if woman partake with him the gift of reason?
In this style, argue tyrants of every denomination, from the weak king to the weak father of a family; they are all eager to crush reason; yet always assert that they usurp its throne only to be useful. Do you not act a similar part, when you force all women, by denying them civil and political rights, to remain immured in their families groping in the dark?
1. According to the passage, in order for society to progress, women must ( ).
2. In the passage, the author claims that freedoms granted by society’s leaders have ( ).
3. The author would most likely agree with which of the following statements about women in the eighteenth century?
4. The intention for the passage is to dispute the idea ( ).
问题1选项
A.enjoy personal happiness and financial security
B.follow all currently prescribed social rules
C.replace men as figures of power and authority
D.receive an education comparable to that of men
问题2选项
A.privileged one gender over the other
B.resulted in a general reduction in individual virtue
C.caused arguments about the nature of happiness
D.ensured equality for all people
问题3选项
A.Their natural preferences were the same as those of men.
B.They needed a good education to be successful in society.
C.They were just as happy in life as men were.
D.They generally enjoyed fewer rights than men did.
问题4选项
A.women seem to be not naturally suited for the exercise of civil and political rights
B.men and women possess similar degrees of reasoning ability
C.women do not need to remain confined to their traditional family duties
D.the principles of natural law should not be invoked when considering gender roles
第1题:
【选项释义】
According to the passage, in order for society to progress, women must ( ). 根据文章内容，为了让社会进步，女性必须（ ）。
A. enjoy personal happiness and financial security A. 享受个人幸福和经济保障
B. follow all currently prescribed social rules B. 遵守所有目前规定的社会规则
C. replace men as figures of power and authority C. 取代男性成为权力和权威的象征
D. receive an education comparable to that of men D. 接受与男性同等的教育
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据选项关键词education定位文章第一段Contending for the rights of woman, my main argument is built on this simple principle, that if she be not prepared by education to become the companion of man, she will stop the progress of knowledge and virtue; for truth must be common to all, or it will be inefficacious with respect to its influence on general practice.（为了争取妇女的权利，我的主要论点建立在这样一个简单的原则上：如果妇女不通过教育做好成为男人伴侣的准备，她就会阻碍知识和美德的进步；因为真理必须为所有人所共有，否则它对一般实践的影响将是无效的），结合该段最后一句but the education and situation of woman, at present, shuts her out from such investigations.（但是，目前妇女所受到的教育和处境使她们无法进行这种调查）可知要想要社会进步，就必须提高妇女接受教育的程度，因此D选项“接受与男性同等的教育”正确。
【干扰项排除】
A、B、C选项均未在文中体现，属于无中生有。
第2题:
【选项释义】
In the passage, the author claims that freedoms granted by society’s leaders have ( ). 在文章中，作者声称社会领导人所赋予的自由已经（ ）。
A. privileged one gender over the other A. 使一种性别优于另一种
B. resulted in a general reduction in individual virtue B. 导致了个人美德的普遍下降
C. caused arguments about the nature of happiness C. 引发了关于幸福本质的争论
D. ensured equality for all people D. 确保人人平等
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词freedom定位文章倒数第二段第一句Consider — I address you as a legislator —whether, when men contend for their freedom, and to be allowed to judge for themselves respecting their own happiness, it be not inconsistent and unjust to subjugate women, even though you firmly believe that you are acting in the manner best calculated to promote their happiness?（考虑一下——我以立法者的身份向你们讲话——当男人为他们的自由而斗争，并被允许对他们自己的幸福做出判断时，即使你坚定地认为你所采取的行动是最有利于促进他们的幸福的，但压制妇女是不是自相矛盾和不公正的呢？）可推知社会领导人所声称的自由仅限于对男性而言，实际上女性仍然是处于压迫中的，这其中包含了严重的性别歧视，因此A选项“使一种性别优于另一种”正确。
【干扰项排除】
B、C选项均未在文体现，属于无中生有；
D选项“确保人人平等”，根据文章内容可知男女并不平等，属于曲解原文。
第3题:
【选项释义】
The author would most likely agree with which of the following statements about women in the eighteenth century? 关于18世纪的妇女，作者最有可能同意下列哪一种说法？
A. Their natural preferences were the same as those of men. A. 她们的自然偏好与男性相同。
B. They needed a good education to be successful in society. B. 她们需要良好的教育才能在社会上取得成功。
C. They were just as happy in life as men were. C. 她们的生活和男人一样幸福。
D. They generally enjoyed fewer rights than men did. D. 她们享有的权利通常比男性少。
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据选项关键词rights定位文章最后一段尾句Do you not act a similar part, when you force all women, by denying them civil and political rights, to remain immured in their families groping in the dark?（你们剥夺所有妇女的公民权和政治权利，强迫她们躲在家里，在黑暗中摸索，你们的行为不也是这样吗？），可知作者认为18世纪的女性并没有与男性享有同等的公民权和政治权利，因此D选项“她们享有的权利通常比男性少”正确。
【干扰项排除】
A、B选项均未在文中体现，属于无中生有；
C选项“她们的生活和男人一样幸福”，根据文章内容来看，女性被剥夺与男性同等的受教育权力，以及公民权和政治权力，这说明女性的地位是低于男性的，因此她们的生活不可能会和男性一样幸福，属于曲解原文。
第4题:
【选项释义】
The intention for the passage is to dispute the idea ( ). 这篇文章旨在为了反驳（ ）的观点。
A. women seem to be not naturally suited for the exercise of civil and political rights A. 妇女似乎天生就不适合行使公民权利和政治权利
B. men and women possess similar degrees of reasoning ability B. 男人和女人具有相似的推理能力
C. women do not need to remain confined to their traditional family duties C. 妇女不需要继续局限于她们传统的家庭责任
D. the principles of natural law should not be invoked when considering gender roles D. 在考虑性别角色时不应该援引自然法原则
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据选项关键词political rights定位文章最后一段尾句Do you not act a similar part, when you force all women, by denying them civil and political rights, to remain immured in their families groping in the dark?（你们剥夺所有妇女的公民权和政治权利，强迫她们躲在家里，在黑暗中摸索，你们的行为不也是这样吗？），结合该段首句In this style, argue tyrants of every denomination, from the weak king to the weak father of a family; they are all eager to crush reason; yet always assert that they usurp its throne only to be useful.（在这种风格下，每一个教派的暴君，从软弱的国王到软弱的父亲；他们都渴望粉碎理性；然而，他们总是断言，他们篡夺王位只是为了有用）可推知作者对于男性剥夺女性的政治权力的这一行为是持批判态度的，通读全文可知这篇文章主要是为了女性发声，因此可推断A选项“妇女似乎天生就不适合行使公民权利和政治权利”正确。
【干扰项排除】
B、C选项分别在文章第二段和尾段中有所体现，但均是次要内容，属于以偏概全；
D选项“在考虑性别角色时不应该援引自然法原则”未在文中体现，属于无中生有。
