Passage 3
In Italy, scientists discovered a blind girl who could see with the tip of her nose and the lobe of her left ear. In 1956 a blind schoolboy in Scotland was taught to tell the difference between colored lights and learned to pick out bright objects several feet away. In 1960 a medical board examined a girl in Virginia and found that, even with thick bandages over her eyes, she was able to distinguish different colors and read short sections of large print. A young woman, Rosa Kuleshova, attracted more attentions.
Rosa could see with her fingers. She was no blind, but because she grew up in a family of blind people, she learned to read Braille (盲文) to help them and then went on to teach herself to do other things with her hands. In 1962, she was brought to Moscow, where she was examined by a group of scientists. When her eyes were securely covered, she was able to identify the color and shape of patches of light projected on to her palm or on to a screen. In rigidly controlled tests, with her eyes covered and a piece of card around her neck so wide that she could not see round it, Rosa read the small print in a newspaper with her elbow. And, in the most convincing demonstration of all, she repeated these things with someone standing behind her pressing hard on her eyeballs. When Rosa was asked how she did that, she could not explain. And scientists could not explain that either.
61. Which of the following would be the title of the passage?
62. According to the passage, scientists in Italy found a blind girl who could ________.
63. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage about blind people’s special talents?
64. Why did Rosa learn to read Braille?
65. Which of the following conclusions can be inferred from Rosa’s case?
问题1选项
A.A Research on the Blind
B.Blind People’s Talents
C.Seeing without Eyes
D.A Scientific Discovery
问题2选项
A.pick out bright objects from a distance
B.tell the difference between colored lights
C.see things with her nose and her left ear
D.tell things with her nose and her left ear
问题3选项
A.They can make out things by touching them.
B.They have a better sense of touch than normal people do.
C.They have an unusual sense about everything.
D.They can have other organs trained for the loss of sight.
问题4选项
A.She wanted to help her blind relatives.
B.She wanted to see things with her fingers.
C.She liked to know the world of the blind.
D.She could not see with her eyes.
问题5选项
A.When one lives among the blind, his eyesight can be affected, too.
B.If one is brought up by the blind, he will behave like a blind, too.
C.People can be trained to see things with other parts of the body.
D.With special training everyone can read newspapers with his elbow.
第1题:C
第2题:C
第3题:D
第4题:A
第5题:C
第1题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following would be the title of the passage? 以下哪项是这篇文章的标题?
A. A Research on the Blind A. 关于盲人的研究
B. Blind People’s Talents B. 盲人的才能
C. Seeing without Eyes C. 看不见的眼睛
D. A Scientific Discovery D. 科学发现
【考查点】主旨大意题。
【解题思路】文章介绍了多位能够通过不同身体部位进行视觉感知的人的案例,如通过鼻尖、耳垂、手指等看见颜色或物体,尤其是详细描述了罗莎·库列索娃用手指、手肘等识别颜色和阅读报纸的能力。这些描述都围绕着一个核心主题,即通过非眼部器官进行视觉感知。因此C选项“看不见的眼睛”正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“关于盲人的研究”,文章不仅提到了对盲人的研究,更侧重于关于非眼部器官的视觉感知,属于以偏概全;
B选项“盲人的才能”,文章讨论的不仅是盲人的才能,还涉及正常人的非眼部视觉感知,属于以偏概全;
D选项“科学发现”,虽然文中提到了科学发现,但这个主题太过笼统,没有明确指出这些发现与通过非眼部器官进行视觉感知的能力有关,属于过度推断。
第2题:
【选项释义】
According to the passage, scientists in Italy found a blind girl who could ________. 根据这篇文章,科学家在意大利发现了一个盲人女孩,她可以________。
A. pick out bright objects from a distance A. 从远处辨别明亮的物体
B. tell the difference between colored lights B. 分辨不同颜色的光
C. see things with her nose and her left ear C. 用鼻子和左耳看东西
D. tell things with her nose and her left ear D. 用鼻子和左耳辨别事物
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词scientists in Italy found a blind girl可以定位到文章第一段第一句In Italy, scientists discovered a blind girl who could see with the tip of her nose and the lobe of her left ear.(在意大利,科学家发现一名失明女孩能用鼻尖和左耳耳垂看东西。),说明这位盲人女孩能用鼻尖和左耳垂“看见”东西。因此C选项“用鼻子和左耳看东西”正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“从远处辨别明亮的物体”是苏格兰男孩的能力,属于张冠李戴;
B选项“分辨不同颜色的光”是苏格兰男孩的能力,属于张冠李戴;
D选项“用鼻子和左耳辨别事物”,文章说的是意大利的盲人女孩用鼻尖和左耳垂“看见”东西,而不是“辨别事物”,属于曲解原文。
第3题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage about blind people’s special talents? 从这段关于盲人特殊才能的文章中,可以推断出以下哪种说法?
A. They can make out things by touching them. A. 他们可以通过触摸来辨别事物。
B. They have a better sense of touch than normal people do. B. 他们比正常人有更好的触觉。
C. They have an unusual sense about everything. C. 他们对任何事物都有不同寻常的感觉。
D. They can have other organs trained for the loss of sight. D. 他们可以通过训练其他器官来弥补视力的丧失。
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】文章描述了盲人或视力受损的人通过其他感官,如触觉和听觉,来感知世界的能力。由此可以推断,盲人可以通过训练其他器官来弥补视力的缺失。因此D项“他们可以通过训练其他器官来弥补视力的丧失。”正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“他们可以通过触摸来辨别事物。”,虽然文中提到有些盲人可以通过触摸来辨认事物,但并未明确表示所有盲人都可以做到,属于过度推断;
B选项“他们比正常人有更好的触觉。”在文中没有提及,属于无中生有;
C选项“他们对任何事物都有不同寻常的感觉。”,虽然文中提到盲人可以通过不同器官进行识别,但并未表明他们对所有事物都有不寻常的感知能力,属于过度推断。
第4题:
【选项释义】
Why did Rosa learn to read Braille? 为什么罗莎要学习阅读盲文?
A. She wanted to help her blind relatives. A. 她想帮助她失明的亲戚。
B. She wanted to see things with her fingers. B. 她想用手指看东西。
C. She liked to know the world of the blind. C. 她喜欢了解盲人的世界。
D. She could not see with her eyes. D. 她的眼睛看不见。
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词Rosa可以定位到文章第二段第二句She was no blind, but because she grew up in a family of. blind people, she learned to read Braille to help them and then went on to teach herself to do other things with her hands.(她不是盲人,但因为生长在一个盲人家庭,她学会了阅读盲文,以帮助他们,然后又自学用手做其他事情。),说明罗莎学习盲文的动机是为了帮助她的盲人亲戚。因此A选项“她想帮助她失明的亲戚。”正确。
【干扰项排除】
B选项“她想用手指看东西。”和C选项“她喜欢了解盲人的世界。”在文中没有提及,属于无中生有;
D选项“她的眼睛看不见。”,文章明确提到罗莎不是盲人,属于反向干扰。
第5题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following conclusions can be inferred from Rosa’s case? 从罗莎的案例中可以推断出以下哪些结论?
A. When one lives among the blind, his eyesight can be affected, too. A. 当一个人生活在盲人中间时,他的视力也会受到影响。
B. If one is brought up by the blind, he will behave like a blind, too. B. 如果一个人被盲人抚养长大,他的行为也会像盲人一样。
C. People can be trained to see things with other parts of the body. C. 可以训练人们用身体的其他部位看东西。
D. With special training everyone can read newspapers with his elbow. D. 经过特殊训练,每个人都能用肘部阅读报纸。
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词Rosa’s case可以定位到文章第二段第二句She was no blind, but because she grew up in a family of. blind people, she learned to read Braille to help them and then went on to teach herself to do other things with her hands.(她不是盲人,但因为生长在一个盲人家庭,她学会了阅读盲文,以帮助他们,然后又自学用手做其他事情。)和第四句she was able to identify the color and shape of patches of light projected on to her palm or on to a screen(她能够辨别投射到她手掌上或屏幕上的光斑的颜色和形状),说明罗莎经过训练,能够用身体的其他部位来“看见”事物。因此C选项“可以训练人们用身体的其他部位看东西。”正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“当一个人生活在盲人中间时,他的视力也会受到影响。”和B选项“如果一个人被盲人抚养长大,他的行为也会像盲人一样。”在文中没有提及,属于无中生有;
D选项“经过特殊训练,每个人都能用肘部阅读报纸。”,虽然文中提到罗莎能够用肘部阅读报纸,但并不意味着所有人都可以通过训练达到这一点,属于过度推断。