Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
The weakening of the human connection to nature might be good for economic growth but is bad for people. A tipping point was reached in 2020 when human-made materials-such as steel, concrete and plastic-were found to weigh more than all life on Earth. Continuing to grow concrete forests rather than real ones is shortsighted. Simply being in the nearest wood has such health benefits that the Woodland Trust successfully lobbied for it to be prescribed by doctors.
Yet slipping from popular culture is the wonder and beauty of the natural world. For every three nature-related words in hit songs of the 1950s, researchers found, there was only slightly more than one 50 years later. It is not a moment too soon that teenagers will be able to take a natural history test, given that for decades children have been able to name more video game characters than wildlife species.
Part of remedying this social disease would be for parliament to pass a “right to grow” law, allowing anyone to turn underused public spaces into vegetable and fruit gardens. The idea is for people to get back in touch with the soil—while producing food sustainably.
Vegetable planting has a respectable tradition. In April 1649, locals responded to high prices and food shortages by cultivating vegetables on common land in Southern England. The practice of throwing seed bombs to turn vacant plots of land green took off in 1970s New York, and has been revived (使复活) by green-thumbed (有园艺才能的) social media influencers who defy local US regulations in a war on ugly spots in cities.
Apart from the urgent task of providing more healthy nutrients to those who increasingly can’t afford them, publicly accessible fruit and vegetable gardens connect what we eat to where it comes from-the means of production, if you will. They can make unlovely spaces lovely, and marry use and beauty as well as help promote a sense of community. Plants are also, of course, our first defense against species loss and climate change. Such planting is a small step for humanity-in the right direction.
46. What does the author want to emphasize in the first paragraph?
47. What did researchers find about popular culture?
48. What does the author propose people do?
49. What do we learn from the passage about vegetable planting?
50. What can publicly accessible fruit and vegetable gardens do apart from their practical functions?
问题1选项
A.The year 2020 was a big turning point in human history.
B.Economic growth benefits people little in the long run.
C.It is unwise to weaken the human connection to nature.
D.It is harmful to mankind to use human-made materials.
问题2选项
A.It is increasingly detached from the natural world.
B.It is filled with all kinds of video game characters.
C.It is especially appealing to the taste of teenagers.
D.It is still impacted by the hit songs of the 1950s.
问题3选项
A.Take measures to ensure sustainable food development.
B.Reconnect with nature through the right to grow.
C.Stand by the parliament in fighting social diseases.
D.Cover public spaces with fruit trees and vegetable plants.
问题4选项
A.It all started in 1649 in Southern England.
B.It is protected by US government regulations.
C.It has long been used to increase food supply and improve urban landscape.
D.It has been popularized worldwide with the increasing influence of social media.
问题5选项
A.Raise people’s environmental awareness.
B.Add to the great variety of plant species.
C.Act as the first defense against natural disasters.
D.Enhance people’s community spirit.
第1题:C
第2题:A
第3题:B
第4题:C
第5题:D
第1题:
46.【选项释义】
What does the author want to emphasize in the first paragraph? 作者在第一段想要强调的是什么？
A. The year 2020 was a big turning point in human history. A. 2020年是人类历史上的一个重大转折点。
B. Economic growth benefits people little in the long run. B. 从长远来看，经济增长对人类几乎无益。
C. It is unwise to weaken the human connection to nature. C. 削弱人与自然的联系是不明智的。
D. It is harmful to mankind to use human-made materials. D. 使用人造材料对人类有害。
【答案】C
【考查点】主旨大意题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词the first paragraph可以定位到文章第一段第一句The weakening of the human connection to nature might be good for economic growth but is bad for people.（人类与自然之间联系的削弱，或许对经济增长有利，但对人类自身却有害。）和第三句Continuing to grow concrete forests rather than real ones is shortsighted.（继续种混凝土森林而不是真正的森林，目光是短浅的。），说明作者对“人与自然联系削弱”这一趋势的批评态度，这种做法虽然促进了经济，但从长远看对人类有害，是短视的。因此C选项“削弱人与自然的联系是不明智的。”正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“2020年是人类历史上的一个重大转折点。”，虽然第一段提到“2020年是转折点”，但作者并非强调2020这一年份的重要性，而是借这个事实来引出人造物质超越自然生物的警示，不是段落主旨，属于以偏概全；
B选项“从长远来看，经济增长对人类几乎无益。”，文中提到“削弱与自然的联系可能对经济有益但对人类有害”，只是针对人与自然关系提出批评，并未否定经济增长的价值，属于曲解原文；
D选项“使用人造材料对人类有害。”在文中没有提及，属于无中生有。
第2题:
47.【选项释义】
What did researchers find about popular culture? 研究人员发现流行文化有什么特点？
A. It is increasingly detached from the natural world. A. 它与自然世界越来越脱节。
B. It is filled with all kinds of video game characters. B. 它充斥着各种电子游戏角色。
C. It is especially appealing to the taste of teenagers. C. 它特别符合青少年的口味。
D. It is still impacted by the hit songs of the 1950s. D. 它仍然受到20世纪50年代流行歌曲的影响。
【答案】A
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词popular culture可以定位到文章第二段第二、三句For every three nature-related words in hit songs of the 1950s, researchers found, there was only slightly more than one 50 years later. It is not a moment too soon that teenagers will be able to take a natural history test, given that for decades children have been able to name more video game characters than wildlife species.（研究人员发现，20世纪50年代的流行歌曲中，每三个与自然有关的词汇，在50年后的歌曲中只剩下稍微多于一个。青少年如今可以参加自然历史测试，这一变革来得正是时候——毕竟，几十年来，孩子们能叫出的视频游戏角色远远多于野生动植物的名字。），说明自然元素正在逐渐从流行文化中消失，公众对自然的关注被其他内容（如电子游戏）取代。因此A选项“它与自然世界越来越脱节。”正确。
【干扰项排除】
B选项“它充斥着各种电子游戏角色。”，文章提到“孩子能说出的视频游戏角色比野生物种多”，用来说明人们对自然的疏远，并非指出流行文化“充斥”游戏角色，也没有说研究人员是这么发现的，属于曲解原文；
C选项“它特别符合青少年的口味。”在文中没有提及，属于无中生有；
D选项“它仍然受到20世纪50年代流行歌曲的影响。”，文章说的是与自然相关的词汇在50年代的流行歌曲中更多，但现在减少了，说明影响在减弱，属于反向干扰。
第3题:
48.【选项释义】
What does the author propose people do? 作者建议人们做什么？
A. Take measures to ensure sustainable food development. A. 采取措施，确保可持续的食品发展。
B. Reconnect with nature through the right to grow. B. 通过种植权重新与自然建立联系。
C. Stand by the parliament in fighting social diseases. C. 支持议会对抗社会疾病。
D. Cover public spaces with fruit trees and vegetable plants. D. 用果树和蔬菜植物覆盖公共空间。
【答案】B
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词propose people do可以定位到文章第三段第一句Part of remedying this social disease would be for parliament to pass a “right to grow” law, allowing anyone to turn underused public spaces into vegetable and fruit gardens.（要治愈这种社会疾病，其中一个方法就是由议会通过一项“种植权”法案，允许人们把闲置的公共空间变成果蔬园。），接着下一句进一步说明目的：The idea is for people to get back in touch with the soil（这一想法旨在让人们重新与泥土建立联系），说明作者提议人们通过“种植权”与自然重新建立联系。因此B选项“通过种植权重新与自然建立联系。”正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“采取措施，确保可持续的食品发展。”，虽然文章提到“可持续地生产食物”，但这是“种植权”的附带好处，而非作者建议人们主动去推动食品可持续发展的措施，属于曲解原文；
C选项“支持议会对抗社会疾病。”，文章提到“对抗社会疾病”是作者用来描述当前脱离自然的状况，并非议会的目标或主张，属于曲解原文；
D选项“用果树和蔬菜植物覆盖公共空间。”，文章确实提到可以将闲置公共空间变为蔬果园，但其根本意图是为了恢复人与自然的联系，而非只是做种植这一个具体行为，属于以偏概全。
第4题:
49.【选项释义】
What do we learn from the passage about vegetable planting? 我们从文章中可以了解到关于蔬菜种植的什么信息？
A. It all started in 1649 in Southern England. A. 蔬菜种植始于1649年的英格兰南部。
B. It is protected by US government regulations. B. 蔬菜种植受美国政府法规保护。
C. It has long been used to increase food supply and improve urban landscape. C. 蔬菜种植长期以来被用来增加食物供应并改善城市景观。
D. It has been popularized worldwide with the increasing influence of social media. D. 随着社交媒体影响力的增强，蔬菜种植已在全球范围内普及。
【答案】C
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词vegetable planting可以定位到文章第四段第一句Vegetable planting has a respectable tradition.（种菜是一种值得尊敬的传统。），并举出1649年英格兰南部和1970年代纽约的例子，说明这一传统用来增加食物供应。接着第五段进一步补充：They can make unlovely spaces lovely, and marry use and beauty as well as help promote a sense of community.（它们不仅能美化丑陋空间，实现实用与美感的统一，还能增进社区意识。），说明种植蔬菜在美化城市环境上的长期作用。因此C选项“蔬菜种植长期以来被用来增加食物供应并改善城市景观。”正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“蔬菜种植始于1649年的英格兰南部。”只是作为历史上的一个实例，而非蔬菜种植的起源，属于曲解原文；
B选项“蔬菜种植受美国政府法规保护。”，文章中明确提到一些有园艺才能的社交媒体网红违抗当地美国法规，说明这些行为并不受美国法规保护，反而是在违反当地规定，属于反向干扰；
D选项“随着社交媒体影响力的增强，蔬菜种植已在全球范围内普及。”，虽然文章提到社交媒体网红复兴了这种行为，但未说明其已经在全球普及，属于过度推断。
第5题:
50.【选项释义】
What can publicly accessible fruit and vegetable gardens do apart from their practical functions? 除了实际功能外，公共果蔬园还能发挥什么作用？
A. Raise people’s environmental awareness. A. 提高人们的环保意识。
B. Add to the great variety of plant species. B. 增加植物物种的多样性。
C. Act as the first defense against natural disasters. C. 成为抵御自然灾害的第一道防线。
D. Enhance people’s community spirit. D. 增强人们的社区精神。
【答案】D
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词publicly accessible fruit and vegetable gardens可以定位到文章第五段第二句They can make unlovely spaces lovely, and marry use and beauty as well as help promote a sense of community.（它们不仅能美化丑陋空间，实现实用与美感的统一，还能增进社区意识。），说明果蔬园除提供食物外，还能增强社区精神。因此D选项“增强人们的社区精神。”正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“提高人们的环保意识。”和B选项“增加植物物种的多样性。”在文中没有提及，属于无中生有；
C选项“成为抵御自然灾害的第一道防线。”，文章提到植物当然是我们应对物种灭绝和气候变化的第一道防线，但这指的是“植物”，而不是“果蔬园”，属于张冠李戴。
