As a person who writes about food and drink for a living, I couldn’t tell you the first thing about Bill Perry or whether the beers he sells are that great. But I can tell you that I like this guy. That’s because he plans to ban tipping in favor of paying his servers an actual living wage.
I hate tipping.
I hate it because it’s an obligation disguised as an option. I hate it for the post-dinner math it requires of me. But mostly, I hate tipping because I believe I would be in a better place if pay decisions regarding employees were simply left up to their employers, as is the custom in virtually every other industry.
Most of you probably think that you hate tipping, too. Research suggests otherwise. You actually love tipping! You like to feel that you have a voice in how much money your server makes. No matter how the math works out, you persistently view restaurants with voluntary tipping systems as being a better value, which makes it extremely difficult for restaurants and bars to do away with the tipping system.
One argument that you tend to hear a lot from the pro-tipping crowd seems logical enough: the service is better when waiters depend on tips, presumably because they see a benefit to successfully veiling their contempt for you. Well, if this were true, we would all be slipping a few 100-dollar bills to our doctors on the way out their doors, too. But as it turns out, waiters see only a tiny bump in tips when they do an exceptional job compared to a passable one. Waiters, keen observers of humanity that they are, are catching on to this; in one poll, a full 30% said they didn’t believe the job they did had any impact on the tips they received.
So come on, folks: get on board with ditching the outdated tip system. Pay a little more up-front for your beer or burger. Support Bill Perry’s pub, and any other bar or restaurant that doesn’t ask you to do drunken math.
What can we learn about Bill Perry from the passage?
What is the main reason why the author hates tipping?
Why do many people love tipping according to the author?
What have some waiters come to realize according to a survey?
What does the author argue for in the passage?
问题1选项
A.He runs a pub that serves excellent beer.
B.He intends to get rid of the tipping practice.
C.He gives his staff a considerable sum for tips.
D.He lives comfortably without getting any tips.
问题2选项
A.It sets a bad example for other industries.
B.It adds to the burden of ordinary customers.
C.It forces the customer to compensate the waiter.
D.It poses a great challenge for customers to do math.
问题3选项
A.They help improve the quality of the restaurants they dine in.
B.They believe waiters deserve such rewards for good service.
C.They want to preserve a wonderful tradition of the industry.
D.They can have some say in how much their servers earn.
问题4选项
A.Service quality has little effect on tip size.
B.It is in human nature to try to save on tips.
C.Tips make it more difficult to please customers.
D.Tips benefit the boss rather than the employees.
问题5选项
A.Restaurants should calculate the tips for customers.
B.Customers should pay more tips to help improve service.
C.Waiters deserve better than just relying on tips for a living.
D.Waiters should be paid by employers instead of customers.
第1题:B
第2题:C
第3题:D
第4题:A
第5题:D
【定位】根据题干中的人名Bill Perry定位到第1段第1句。
【解析】题目询问Bill Perry的情况。作者在开篇就提到了 Bill Perry,接着作者表示他很喜欢这家伙,因为 Bill打算禁止付小费(ban tipping)。B项中的get rid of“摆脱,摒除”对应原文的ban“禁止”,故为答案。
【定位】根据题干中的main reason和hates tipping定位至第3段。
【解析】题目询问的是作者讨厌小费的主要原因(main reason)。第3段的三句话分别说了作者讨厌小费的 三个原因,其中第3句句首的mostly “最主要地”表明该句所说的才是主要原因(main reason),故答案在 第3句。该句指出如果雇员的工资能单纯地由雇主决定(pay decisions... were simply left up to their employers),世界会更美好(a better place)。该句为虚拟语气(由would和were可得知),故现实情况与此相反:由于小费制度的存在,由顾客支付的小费成为了服务员收入的一部分,服务员得依靠这部分收入维生,这是作者不希望看到的情况。C项“它强迫顾客补偿服务员(的收入)”与文意最接近,故为答案。
【定位】根据题干中的love tipping定位至第4段第4句。
【解析】题目询问人们喜欢给小费的原因。第4段第2、3句表明研究发现人们喜欢给小费,接着第4句指出 原因:人们喜欢在服务员赚钱多少上有发言权(have a voice in...)。D项“他们可以对服务员赚了多少钱有发言权”正确,其中的say作名词,指“决定权”,对应文章中的voice“意见,发言权”。
【定位】根据题干中的survey定位至第5段最后一句。
【解析I题目询问根据调查显示,很多服务员最终意识到什么。第5段最后一句的poll也就是题目中survey “调查”的意思。该句表明,整整30%的服务员认为他们所做的工作不会影响(didn’t believe... had any impact on...)他们收到的小费数量,A项“服务质量对小费的多少没有太大影响(has little effect)”与之相符。
【定位】根据出题顺序定位到文章最后部分,并综合全文内容。
【解析】本题询问作者支持什么(argue for)。最后一段作者号召大家抛弃(ditching)那些过时的小费制度, 支持像比尔•佩瑞这类不用给小费的酒吧。作者在第3段提到他讨厌小费制度的原因(其实也就是抛弃小费 的原因),其中最主要的是小费制度使得服务员的收入不单纯由老板决定,而需要由消费者决定,故实际上 作者希望取缔这种做法,D项“服务员的收人应该由雇主支付而不是顾客”与文意最接近。