“In every known human society the male’s needs for achievement can be recognized. In a great number of human societies men's sureness of their sex role is tied up with their right, or ability, to practice some activity that women are not allowed to practice. Their maleness in fact has to be underwritten by preventing women from entering some field or performing some feat.”
This is the conclusion of the anthropologist Margaret Mead about the way in which the roles of men and women in society should be distinguished.
If talk and print are considered it would seem that the formal emancipation of women is far from complete. There is a flow of publications about the continuing domestic bondage of women and about the complicated system of defenses which men have thrown up around their hitherto accepted advantages, taking sometimes the obvious form of exclusion from types of occupation and sociable groupings, and sometimes the more subtle form of automatic doubt of the seriousness of women’s pretensions to the level of intellect and resolution that men, it is supposed, bring to the business of running the world.
There are a good many objective pieces of evidence for the erosion of men's status. In the first place, there is the widespread postwar phenomenon of the woman Prime Minister, in India, Sri Lanka and Israel.
Secondly, there is the very large increase in the number of women who work, especially married women and mothers of children. More diffusely there are the increasingly numerous convergences between male and female behavior: the approximation to identical styles in dress and coiffure, the sharing of domestic tasks, and the admission of women to all sorts of hitherto exclusively male leisure-time activities.
Everyone carries round with him a fairly definite idea of the primitive or natural conditions of human life. It is acquired more by the study of humorous cartoons than of archaeology, but that does not matter since it is not significant as theory but only as an expression of inwardly felt expectations of people's sense of what is fundamentally proper in the differentiation between the roles of the two sexes. In this rudimentary natural society men go out to hunt and fish and to fight off the tribe next door while women keep the fire going. Amorous initiative is firmly reserved to the man, who sets about courtship with a club.
1.The phrase “men’s sureness of their sex role” in the first paragraph suggests that they( ).
2.The third paragraph does NOT claim that men ( ).
3.At the end of the last paragraph the author uses humorous exaggeration in order to ( ).
4.The usual idea of the cave man in the last paragraph ( ).
5.The opening quotation from Margaret Mead sums up a relationship between man and woman which the author( ).
问题1选项
A.are confident in their ability to charm women
B.take the initiative in courtship
C.have a clear idea of what is considered “manly”
D.tend to be more immoral than women are
问题2选项
A.prevent women from taking up certain professions
B.secretly admire women's intellect and resolution
C.doubt whether women really mean to succeed in business
D.forbid women to join certain clubs and societies
问题3选项
A.show that men are stronger than women
B.carry further the ideas of the earliest paragraphs
C.support the first sentence of the same paragraph
D.disown the ideas he is expressing
问题4选项
A.is based on the study of archaeology
B.illustrates how people expect men to behave
C.is dismissed by the author as an irrelevant joke
D.proves that the man, not woman, should be the wooer
问题5选项
A.approves of
B.argues is natural
C.completely rejects
D.expects to go on changing
第1题:C
第2题:B
第3题:C
第4题:B
第5题:A
第1题:
试题解析:推理判断题。题干询问第一段中的“男人对自己的性别角色的确信”表明他们……由第一段第二句“In a great number of human societies men’s sureness of their sex role is tied up with their right or ability, to practice some activity that women are not allowed to practice.在大量的人类社会里,男性对自己性别角色的确定与他们去实践女性不被允许的活动的权利或能力联系在一起。”确定C选项“对什么被看成是“男子气概”有清醒的认识”正确。
第2题:
试题解析:细节事实题。题干询问“第三段没有提及……”。由第三段中“...taking sometimes the obvious form of exclusion from types of occupation and sociable groupings, and sometimes the more subtle form of automatic doubt of the seriousness of women’s pretensions to the level of intellect and resolution that men, it is supposed, bring to the business of running the world. 有时采取明显的(将女性)排除在某些职业和社会群体之外的方式;有时采取更微妙的方式去自动怀疑女性自称达到被认为是男性为运行世界这个事业而带来的智力和决断水平的真正性。”确定B选项的“背地里羡慕女性的资料和决断”在第三段中没有提及,符合题意;A选项“阻止女性从事某些职业”、C选项“怀疑是否有女性真正打算去在职业上获得成功”及D选项“禁止女性加入某些俱乐部和社会团体”在第三段都有提及。
第3题:
试题解析:细节事实题。题干询问“在最后一段的结尾,作者使用了幽默的夸张手法来达到……”。由最后一段第一句“Everyone carries round with him a fairly definite idea of the primitive or natural conditions of human life. It is acquired more by the study of humorous cartoons than of archaeology...每个人对原始或自然的人类生活情况都有一个非常确切的想法,相比考古学,它(即有关人类原始或自然的状况的想法)更多是通过研究幽默的卡通图画来获得的”确定C选项“支持同一个段落第一句话”正确。
第4题:
试题解析:推理判断题。题干询问“他在最后一段提到穴居人……”。由最后一段第二句“It is acquired more by the study of humorous cartoons than of archaeology...相比考古学,它(即有关人类原始或自然的状况的想法)更多是通过研究幽默的卡通图画来获得的”确定A选项“基于研究考古学”与原文不符。由最后一段中“In this rudimentary natural society men go out to hunt and fish and to fight off the tribe next door while women keep the fire going.在这种基本的自然社会里,男人出去打猎、捕鱼和击退临近的部落,而女人保持炉火不灭(即负责家务)”确定B选项“描述了人们怎样期盼男性去表现”正确。C选项“被作者以一个不相关的笑话而没有考虑”及D选项“证明男人而非女人应该是追求者”在文中没有提及。
第5题:
试题解析:推理判断题。题干询问“玛格丽特•米德的引言概括了作者对男女关系的理解的……”。由最后一段中“It is acquired more by the study of humorous cartoons than of archaeology, but that does not matter since it is not significant as theory but only as an expression of inwardly felt expectations of people’s sense of what is fundamentally proper in the differentiation between the roles of the two sexes. 相比考古学,它(即有关人类原始或自然的状况的想法)更多是通过研究幽默的卡通图画来获得的,但这个不重要,因为它不是作为理论而重要,而是作为一种内心感到的期望的表达,即人们感觉在两性角色区别上什么在根本上是合适。”确定作者赞同Margret Mead总结的在社会中男性和女性的角色应该被区分”,所以A选项“赞同”正确。