Office jobs are among the positions hardest hit by computation (计算机自动化). Word processors and typists will lose about 93,000 jobs over the next few years, while 57,000 secretarial jobs will vanish. Blame the PC: Today, many executives type their own memos and carry there” secretaries” in the palms of their hands. Time is also hard for stock clerks, whose ranks are expected to decrease by 68,000. And employees in manufacturing firms and wholesalers are being replaced with computerized systems.
But not everyone who loses a job will end up in the unemployment line. Many will shift to growing positions within their own companies. When new technologies shook up the telecomm business, telephone operator Judy Dougherty pursued retraining. She is now a communications technician, earning about $ 64,000 per year. Of course, if you’ve been a tollbooth collector for the past 30 years, and you find yourself replaced by an E-ZPass machine, it may be of little consolation(安慰) to know that the telecom field is booming.
And that’s just it: The service economy is fading: welcome to the expertise(专门知识) economy. To succeed in the new job market, you must be able to handle complex problems. Indeed, all but one of the 50 highest-paying occupations—air-traffic controller—demand at least a bachelor’s degree.
For those with just a high school diploma(毕业证书).It’s going to get tougher to find a well-paying job. Since fewer factory and clerical jobs will be available .what’s left be the jobs that computations can’t kill, computers cant clean offices, or for Alzheimer’s patients(老年痴呆病人). But, since most people have the skills to fill those positions, the wages stay painfully low, meaning computation could drive an even deeper wedge (楔子) between the and poor, The best advice now, Never stop learning, and keep up with new technology.
For busy adults of course that can be tough, the good news is that very technology that’s reducing so many jobs is a making it easier to go back to school without having to sit in a classroom. So called internet distance learning is hot, with more than three million students currently enrolled , and it’s gaining credibility with employers.
Are you at risk of losing your job to a computer? Check the federal Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Occupational Outlook Handbook ,which is available online at bls.gov.
1.From the first paragraph we can infer that all of the following persons are easily thrown into unemployment EXCEPT（ ）.
2.In the second paragraph the anther mentions the tollbooth collector to （ ）.
3.By saying “...computation could drive an even deeper wedge between the rich and poor” (line 5. Para 4 )the author means （ ）.
4.What is the author’s attitude towards computers？
5.Which of the following might serve as the best title of passage？
问题1选项
A.secretaries
B.stock clerks
C.managers
D.wholesalers
问题2选项
A.mean he will get benefits from the telecomm fled
B.show he is too old to shift to a new position
C.console him on having been replaced by a machine
D.blame the PC for his unemployment
问题3选项
A.people are getting richer and richer
B.there will be a small gap between rich and poor
C.the gap between rich and poor is getting larger an larger
D.it’s time to close up be gap between the rich and poor
问题4选项
A.positive
B.negative
C.neutral
D.prejudiced
问题5选项
A.Blaming the PC
B.The booming telecomm field
C.Internet distance learning
D.Keeping up with computation
第1题:C
第2题:B
第3题:C
第4题:A
第5题:D
第1题:
【选项释义】
From the first paragraph we can infer that all of the following persons are easily thrown into unemployment EXCEPT ____. 从第一段我们可以推断出下列所有的人都很容易陷入失业，除了____。
A. secretaries A. 秘书
B. stock clerks B. 存货管理员；仓库管理员
C. managers C. 经理
D. wholesalers D. 批发商
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】第一段提到其工作很容易被电脑取代的人或职业为“word processors, typists, secretarial jobs, stock clerks, employees in manufacturing firms, wholesalers”。A、B、D选项位列其中，而C选项没有提及。C选项managers与首段第三句中的executives含义相似，该词的出现是为了说明主管利用计算机为自己工作，并非意指失业，故C选项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
根据以上分析可知，A、B、D选项均属于容易被电脑取代的人或职业，属于反向干扰。
第2题:
【选项释义】
In the second paragraph the author mentions the tollbooth collector to ____. 在第二段中，作者提到收费站收费员____。
A. mean he will get benefits from the telecom field A. 以说明他将从电信领域获得利益
B. show he is too old to shift to a new position B. 以表明他太老了而无法换到新的位置
C. console him on having been replaced by a machine C. 以安慰他已被机器取代
D. blame the PC for his unemployment D. 是为了将他的失业归咎于个人电脑
【考查点】推理判断题
【解题思路】根据题干的信息定位到第二段第五句。该段首先以Judy经过培训实现了再就业为例说明主旨句的观点：并不是所有失业的人都会下岗，许多人会转向其所在公司内部更有发展前途的职位。紧接着提到本题考查的举例，并且用“Of course”连接，由此可知作者试图用Judy的事例证明30多年从事收费员工作的人可能很难再接受培训，也很难转岗了。30年暗示了年龄是造成下岗的原因，故B选项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“以说明他将从电信领域获得利益”和D选项“是为了将他的失业归咎于个人电脑”均不符合原文内容，属于曲解原文；
C选项定位到第二段最后一句“……虽然电信领域正在蓬勃发展，但这并不能给人带来多少安慰”，属于反向干扰。
第3题:
【选项释义】
By saying “...computation could drive an even deeper wedge between the rich and poor” (line 5. Para 4) the author means ____. 作者说“……计算可能会在富人和穷人之间造成更深的鸿沟”（第4段第5行）的意思是____。
A. people are getting richer and richer A. 人们越来越富有
B. there will be a small gap between rich and poor B. 富人和穷人之间会有一个小差距
C. the gap between rich and poor is getting larger and larger C. 富人和穷人之间的差距越来越大
D. it’s time to close up be gap between the rich and poor D. 现在是缩小贫富差距的时候了
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】从第四段前四句可知，只有高中文凭的人很难找到工作，因为计算机自动化的发展使得工厂和办公室的职位越来越少，而剩下的那些计算机应付不了的工作，几乎人人都可以胜任，所以工资非常低。而且该段第四句指出这意味着计算机自动化会进一步拉大贫富差距，而不是缩小，故C选项“贫富差距将越来越大”符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“人们越来越富有”、B选项“富人和穷人之间会有一个小差距”和D选项“现在是缩小贫富差距的时候了”均不符合原文内容，属于曲解原文。
第4题:
【选项释义】
What is the author’s attitude towards computers? 作者对计算机的态度是什么？
A. Positive. A. 肯定的。
B. Negative. B. 否定的。
C. Neutral. C. 中立的。
D. Prejudiced. D. 有成见的。
【考查点】观点态度题
【解题思路】作者在前两段描述了计算机自动化的发展给人们带来的失业问题，而后四段作者对此提出了积极的建议和措施，比如在第四段最后一句，作者明确指出永远不要停止学习的脚步，要紧跟新技术发展的步伐；同时在第五段中，作者提到计算机自动化的发展促使网络远程教育的兴起。这都说明作者对计算机自动化是持积极态度的，故A选项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
B选项“否定的”、C选项“中立的”和D选项“有成见的”均不符合文章内容，属于曲解原文。
第5题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following might serve as the best title of passage? 以下哪项可以作为文章的最佳标题？
A. Blaming the PC. A. 指责电脑。
B. The booming telecom field. B. 蓬勃发展的电信领域。
C. Internet distance learning. C. 互联网远程学习。
D. Keeping up with computation. D. 跟上计算的步伐。
【考查点】主旨大意题
【解题思路】文章首段先介绍了计算机使很多人失业的事实；第二段用But转移了话题，将重点转向描述暂时失去工作的人经过再培训还可以重新就业的事实；接着在后四段给出建议和措施以应对计算机自动化的发展，尤其在第四段最后一句明确指出“永远不要停止学习，要跟上新技术”。由此可见本文的主旨是不断学习，跟上新技术发展的步伐就不会受到新技术的威胁，故D选项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“指责电脑”、B选项“蓬勃发展的电信领域”和C选项“互联网远程学习”虽有提及，但都不是文章详细描述的内容，属于以偏概全。
