Money-laundering（洗钱）has been one of the world’s fastest-growing industries over decade despite increasing efforts by the world’s financial authorities to stamp it out. Following is a simple guide to the world of money-laundering.
Money-laundering is the process by which money obtained by illegal means is given the appearance of legitimate income and returned into circulation. The word and practice are widely believed to have been invented by the US Mafia（黑手党）. As a means of mixing the dirty cash obtained from prostitution, gambling, gun-running, blackmail and its other wicked activities, so that it came out more or less clean, the Mafia bought up and operated large numbers of Laundromats（自助洗衣店）. As good cash businesses, they were a good means of providing the appearance of honest cash flow.
Various techniques can be employed and the means of money-laundering, but they essentially boil down to three stages. Step one: moving the money from the scene of the crime A to a remote location B ideally in another country, preferably a bank account, if possible one that is anonymous. Step two: disguising the trail leading from A to B. Step three: making the cash available to the criminals, along with a plausible explanation of how ti came legally into their possession.
Apart from harming the economies that it feeds off, the money-laundering industry is essential to organized crime. As the head of the UN’s crime-fighting wing Pino Arlacchi remarked, organized crime “brutalizes society and diminishes respect for the value like honesty and cooperation upon which successful societies are based”. Or as a senior US official said in 1999, “money-laundering may look like a polite form of white-collar crime, but it is the companion of brutality, deceit and corruption.”
The liberalization of markets around the world and deregulation（解除管制）of exchange controls are regarded as the chief causes of the rapid expansion of money-laundering over the past decade. Together they have opened up many more channels for laundering dirty money and provided more opportunities to hide its origins. UN officials believe the most important single measure in eliminating money-laundering is the ending of bank secrecy.
1. We know from the passage that money-laundering（ ）.
2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “stamp it out” （para. 1） in the first paragraph?
3. The reason why the Mafia bought up and ran substantial Laundromats is that（ ）.
4. In money-laundering, money would be moved from the scene of the crime to（ ）.
5. With the worldwide liberalization of markets, money-laundering has expanded rapidly by（ ）.
问题1选项
A.has almost been stamped out by the world’s financial authorities
B.has greatly promoted the development of the world's industries
C.only has a ten-year history but has grown rapidly
D.has expanded rapidly over the past decade
问题2选项
A.To put an end to it completely.
B.To mark a sign by pressing on it.
C.To announce it illegal.
D.To do harm to it.
问题3选项
A.the Mafia can carry out large numbers of illegal transactions in them.
B.the Mafia has many wicked activities like prostitution and gambling in them.
C.the Laundromats can give the dirty cash the appearance of legitimate income.
D.the Laundromats is such a profit-making industry that it has attracted the Mafia.
问题4选项
A.the financial authorities
B.the circulation fields
C.Laundromats operated by the Mafia
D.anonymous bank account in another country
问题5选项
A.deregulating the exchange controls
B.buying and operating more Laundromats
C.having more channels to launder dirty money
D.tightening the bank secrecy rules
第1题:D
第2题:A
第3题:C
第4题:D
第5题:A
第1题:
推理判断题。由第一段“Money-laundering（洗钱）has been one of the world’s fastest-growing industries over decade despite increasing efforts by the world’s financial authorities to stamp it out. Following is a simple guide to the world of money-laundering.尽管国际金融机构加大了打击洗钱活动的力度，但洗钱活动在过去10年里一直是全球发展最快的行业之一。以下是对洗钱世界的简单介绍。可知D项“洗钱活动在过去十年发展很快”正确。AB两项明显错误，C项“洗钱只有十年历史但是增长很快”与原文内容不符，洗钱并不只有10年历史。
第2题:
词义题。由Money-laundering（洗钱）has been one of the world’s fastest-growing industries over decade despite increasing efforts by the world’s financial authorities to stamp it out.中的despite表示让步关系可知，尽管采取了一些措施来（ ）洗钱活动，但是洗钱仍然成为增长最快的行业之一。由前后逻辑可推断出stamp it out是消灭，打击的意思。故A项正确。
第3题:
推理判断题。由第二段As a means of mixing the dirty cash obtained from prostitution, gambling, gun-running, blackmail and its other wicked activities, so that it came out more or less clean, the Mafia bought up and operated large numbers of Laundromats（自助洗衣店）. As good cash businesses, they were a good means of providing the appearance of honest cash flow.为了使从卖淫，赌博，贩卖枪支，敲诈和其他非法活动所得的混合收入看起来是干净的，黑手党经营了很多自助洗衣店，将其他非法收入混入洗衣店的收入，使赃款看上去是合法的。故C项“自助洗衣店给脏钱披上合法收入的外衣”正确。
第4题:
细节事实题。由第三段“Step one: moving the money from the scene of the crime A to a remote location B ideally in another country, preferably a bank account, if possible one that is anonymous.第一步：把钱从犯罪现场A转移到一个偏远的地点B，当然理想的地点是在另一个国家，存入一个银行账户，如果是一个匿名账户那就更好了。”可知赃款从犯罪现场最终被转移到另一个国家的银行账户。故D项正确。
第5题:
细节事实题。由最后一段The liberalization of markets around the world and deregulation（解除管制）of exchange controls are regarded as the chief causes of the rapid expansion of money-laundering over the past decade.全球市场的自由化和对外汇解除管制被视为过去十年里洗钱快速扩张的主要原因。可知A项“解除外汇管制”正确。B项“购买和经营更多的自助洗衣店”不是原因；C项“有更多的渠道来洗黑钱”是解除外汇管制的结果，而非原因。D项是反洗钱措施。
