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Animal experiments show diet in pregnancy can switch genes on or off, (1) _____this is the first human evidence. The research followed women in rural Gambia, (2) _____ seasonal climate leads to big differences in diet between rainy and dry periods.
It (3) _____ the need for a (4) _____ diet before (5) _____ and in pregnancy, says a UK/US team. This research is showing that a Mom’s nutrition can leave permanent (6) on her child’s genome on all the cells of the body.
Scientists followed 84 pregnant women who conceived at the peak of the rainy season, and about the same (7) _____who conceived at the peak of the dry season. (8) _____ levels were measured in blood samples taken from the women; while the DNA of their babies was analysed two to eight months after birth.
Lead scientist Dr Branwen Hennig, said it was the first (9) _____ in humans that a mother’s nutrition at the time of conception can change how her child’s genes will be interpreted (10)_____life.
Experiments in mice show diet during pregnancy can have a life-long impact on the genes of (11) _____. For instance, the coat colour of a mouse is influenced by its mother’s diet. These are (12) _____ as “epigenetic effects”. One such modification involves attaching (13) _____called methyl groups to DNA. Infants from rainy season conceptions had (14) _____higher rates of methylation in all six genes studied, the researchers found.
These (15) _____to various levels of nutrients in the mother’s blood. But it is not (16) _____known what the genes do, and what effect the process might have. Co-researcher Dr Rob Waterland said the findings were a proof in (17)_____ that a mother’s diet can have epigenetic effects. Co-author Andrew Prentice added: “Our (18)_____goal is to define an optimal diet for mothers-to-be (19) _____would prevent (20) _____ in the methylation process.”

问题1选项
A.but
B.because
C.\
D.so
问题2选项
A.which
B.where
C.that
D.when
问题3选项
A.emphasized
B.has emphasized
C.emphasizes
D.had emphasized
问题4选项
A.good-balanced
B.good-balancing
C.well-balancing
D.well-balanced
问题5选项
A.pre-pregnancy
B.conception
C.interception
D.deception
问题6选项
A.sparks
B.stains
C.affects
D.marks
问题7选项
A.number
B.people
C.quantity
D.babies
问题8选项
A.Nutritious
B.Nutrition
C.Nutrient
D.Nutritional
问题9选项
A.presentation
B.demonstration
C.clarification
D.examination
问题10选项
A.with
B.of
C.against
D.for
问题11选项
A.women
B.mothers
C.offspring
D.mothers and children
问题12选项
A.thought
B.reported
C.believed
D.known
问题13选项
A.instruments
B.chemicals
C.ingredients
D.elements
问题14选项
A.insistently
B.persistently
C.resultantly
D.consistently
问题15选项
A.linked
B.were linked
C.were connected
D.connected
问题16选项
A.yet
B.either
C.still
D.\
问题17选项
A.principal
B.principle
C.general
D.generally
问题18选项
A.optimal
B.utmost
C.ultimate
D.definite
问题19选项
A.who
B.what
C.that
D.whatever
问题20选项
A.effects
B.deficiencies
C.defects
D.deficits
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