Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors（流星）but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Light gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food which we eat. Heat, too3 makes our environment endurable. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.
Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space. The unit of radiation is called “rem”. Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed children or even grandchildren.
Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high amount of rems. So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory. Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have been found, so far.
1. According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man in that（ ）.
2. We know from the passage that（ ）.
3. The harm radiation, has clone to the Apollo crew members（ ）.
4. It can be inferred from the passage that（ ）.
5. The best title for this passage would be（ ）.
问题1选项
A.it protects him against the harmful rays from space
B.it provides sufficient light for plant growth
C.it supplies the heat necessary for human survival
D.it screens off the falling meteors
问题2选项
A.exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is fatal
B.the effect of exposure to radiation is slow in coming
C.radiation is avoidable in space exploration
D.astronauts in spacesuits needn't worry about radiation damage
问题3选项
A.is significant
B.seems overestimated
C.is enormous
D.remains unknown
问题4选项
A.the Apollo mission was very successful
B.protection from space radiation is no easy job
C.astronauts will have deformed children or grandchildren
D.radiation is not a threat to well-protected space explorers
问题5选项
A.The Atmosphere and Our Environment
B.Research on Radiation
C.Effects of Space Radiation
D.Importance of Protection Against Radiation
第1题:A
第2题:A
第3题:D
第4题:B
第5题:C
1.判断推理题。The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage. 大气层再次成为我们在地球上的保护层。各种光线通过空气来自外太空,但大量的来自太阳的辐射被屏蔽掉。一旦人类离开大气层就会暴露在辐射里，但是他们的宇航服或者飞船的舱壁（如果他们是在飞船内的话）确实会避免许多辐射的危害。据此可知大气层保护人类免受有害光线的影响。A项正确。
2.判断推理题。根据文中第二段“The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage. A person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed children or even grandchildren. 问题是，很难确定辐射的危害。一个人在受到辐射后感觉良好，但他或她的性器官细胞可能会受到损伤，而这要等到畸胎儿甚至孙辈出生后才能发现。据此可知辐射对人的危害不会立马表现出来，而要过很长时间才能体现。故B项正确。A项“暴露在极小的辐射中也是致命的”与原文“Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on. 科学家们有理由相信，一个人可以忍受远远超过0.1雷姆的辐射而不受伤害;60雷姆的数字已经达成一致。”不符。C项“在太空探索时辐射是可以避免的”说法错误。D项“穿太空服的宇航员不用担心辐射危害” 与 "As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage. 一旦人们离开大气层，他们就会暴露在这种辐射下，但是如果他们在飞船里，他们的宇航服或太空船的墙壁，确实防止了大量的辐射损伤。"不符。故A项正确。
3.判断推理题。由最后一段“Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high amount of rems. So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. 阿波罗的飞行任务需要穿越大量的雷姆辐射带。到目前为止，没有危险的辐射量的报告，但阿波罗任务是相当短的。”可知阿波罗宇航员是否受到辐射危害的影响还不得而知。故D项正确。
4.判断推理题。根据最后一句"Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have been found, so far." 药物可能有助于减少辐射造成的伤害，但迄今为止还没有发现真正有效的药物。可知防止太空辐射不是一件容易的事。B项正确。
5.主旨大意题。本文首先介绍了大气层对人类的重要性，接着讲述了太空辐射的影响，最后表明目前还没有发现真正有效能阻挡辐射的方法。故C项“太空辐射的影响”正确。
