Inflation is an economic condition in(1)prices for consumer goods(2)and the(3)of money or purchasing power decreases.
There are three important causes of inflation. The first and most important cause may be excessive government spending. For example, in order to(4)a war or carry(5)social programs, the government may spend more money than it has received through taxes and other revenue, thus creating a deficit. In order to(6)this deficit, the Treasury Department can simply(7)the money supply by issuing more paper money to(8)the debts of government. This increase in the money supply will cause the value of the dollar to(9)decrease. The second cause of inflation occurs when the money supply increases faster than the supply of goods. (10)people have more money, they will run out to buy popular goods (11)television and computers, for example, and a shortage will result.
Industry will then produce more, at higher prices, to(12)demand. (13),if people
think that the prices of popular goods are going up, they will buy and even borrow money at high .(14)rates to pay for them. Finally, if labor unions demand that works wages(15)to(16)the high cost of living, industry will meet his demand and add other cost of production on to the(17). (18)summary, all of these causes can(19)inflationary problems that can affect the welfare of a nation. However, of these three causes,(20)government spending may be the most important.
问题1选项
A.which
B.that
C.this
D.what
问题2选项
A.lower
B.raise
C.decrease
D.increase
问题3选项
A.cost
B.price
C.value
D.spending
问题4选项
A.fight
B.pay
C.offer
D.finance
问题5选项
A.out
B.off
C.on
D.away
问题6选项
A.compensate
B.offset
C.exchange
D.accomplish
问题7选项
A.expand
B.spend
C.extend
D.explore
问题8选项
A.respond
B.return
C.meet
D.spend
问题9选项
A.excessively
B.automatically
C.timely
D.exceedingly
问题10选项
A.Whether
B.If
C.Though
D.For fear that
问题11选项
A.like
B.of
C.as
D.except
问题12选项
A.plenty
B.comply
C.satisfy
D.supply
问题13选项
A.Nevertheless
B.Otherwise
C.However
D.Furthermore
问题14选项
A.uninteresting
B.interesting
C.interested
D.interest
问题15选项
A.should increase
B.increased
C.increase
D.be increased
问题16选项
A.restrict
B.impose
C.cover
D.protest
问题17选项
A.controller
B.consumer
C.employer
D.manager
问题18选项
A.In
B.At
C.On
D.By
问题19选项
A.create
B.invent
C.discover
D.result
问题20选项
A.insufficient
B.processing
C.productive
D.excessive
第1题:A
第2题:D
第3题:C
第4题:D
第5题:A
第6题:B
第7题:A
第8题:C
第9题:B
第10题:B
第11题:A
第12题:C
第13题:D
第14题:D
第15题:D
第16题:C
第17题:B
第18题:A
第19题:A
第20题:D
1.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格处缺少一个引导定语从句的引导词,先行词是economic condition,介词后面的定语从句引导词不能用that,因此选项A符合题意。
2.考查逻辑关系。根据后面的purchasing power decreases可推断空格处的动词应该与decrease相反,所以选项D符合题意。
3.考查逻辑关系。根据并列连词or可知其前后的内容是相近的,因此 the ____ of money应该与 purchasing power意思相近,因此选项C符合题意。
4.考查动词词义辨析。fight “与……打仗”; pay “支付”; offer “提供”;finance “负担经费”。后面提到政府spend more money(花更多的钱),可知前面是花钱在战争上,因此finance a war 符合题意。
5.考查词组辨析。carry out “实施”;carry off “夺去,夺得”; carry on “继续,参与”;carry away “运走,使失去自制力”。与social program搭配的动词词组是carry out,所以选项A符合题意。
6.考查固定搭配。compensate “补偿,赔偿”; offset “抵消;补偿”; exchange “交换”;accomplish “完成,实现”。offset deficit “弥补财政赤字”为固定搭配,选项B符合题意。
7.考查动词词义辨析。expand “扩张”;spend “度过,花费”;extend “延伸”; explore “探索”。根据后面issuing more paper money可知前面是在扩大纸币供应,因此选项A符合题意。
8.考查固定搭配。meet debts是“偿清债务”的固定搭配,选项C符合题意。
9.考查副词词义辨析。excessively “过分地”;automatically “自动地”; timely “及时地”;exceedingly “非常;极其”。空格处所在句子的大意是:货币供应量的增加将会导致货币价值自动下降。因此选项B符合题意。
10.考查条件状语从句。根据后面的主句they will run out…,主句使用将来时态可知空格处所在的分句是一个条件状语从句,因此选项B符合题意。
11.考查介词词义辨析。television and computers属于popular goods,前者是对后者具体的举例说明,因此选项A符合题意。
12.考查词义辨析。plenty “足够的”; comply “遵守,遵从”;satisfy “满足,说服”;supply “供给,提供”。Industry will then produce more, at higher prices “工厂会以更高的价格生产更多的产品”,to 表目的,“为了满足需求”,选项C符合题意。
13.考查逻辑关系。根据 if people think that the prices of popular goods are going up (如果人们认为快销产品的价格正在上涨),可知与前句是一个递进的关系,因此选项D符合题意。
14.考查固定搭配。interest rate “利率”是固定用法,选项D符合题意。
15.考查虚拟语气。demand后接宾语从句时,从句的谓语一般要用虚拟语气:should + 动词原形,其中should可以省略;此外,works wages与动词increase之间是被动关系,因此要用被动式,选项D符合题意。
16.考查固定搭配。cover the cost “支付费用”是固定用法,选项C符合题意。
17.考查名词词义辨析。controller “控制器”;consumer “消费者,用户”; employer “老板,雇主”;manager “经理,管理人员”。空格处所在句子的大意是:生产方为满足要求会将生产成本加在消费者身上,因此选项B符合题意。
18.考查固定搭配。in summary “概括起来,总之”是固定用法,选项A符合题意。
19.考查动词词义辨析。all of these causes can 79 inflationary problems (所有这些因素都可能导致通货膨胀问题),四个选项中A与D都有“导致”的意思,但是result通常与介词in连用,因此选项A符合题意。
20.考查词义辨析。insufficient “不足的”; processing “加工”; productive “能生产的”;excessive “过多的”。文章讲述了导致通货膨胀的三个因素,第二段第二句话The first and most important cause may be excessive government spending,由此可知选项D符合题意。