Television, the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth, is moving into a new era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic revolution of sorts, made possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies.
The word “television”, derived from its Greek (tele: distant) and Latin (vision: sight) roots, can literally be interpreted as sight from a distance. Very simply put, it works in this way: through a sophisticated system of electronics, television provides the capability of converting an image (focused on a special photoconductive plate within a camera) into electronic impulses, which can be sent through a wire or cable. These impulses, when fed into a receiver (television set), can then be electronically reconstituted into that same image.
Television is more than just an electronic system, however. It is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.
The field of television can be divided into two categories determined by its means of transmission. First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through broad-based airwave transmission of television signals. Second, there is non-broadcast television, which provides for the needs of individuals or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques.
Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses. We are most familiar with broadcast television because it has been with us for thirty seven years in a form similar to what exists today. During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast networks, ABC, NBC, and CBS, who have been the major purveyors of news, information, and entertainment. These giants of broadcasting have actually shaped not only television but our perception of it as well. We have come to look upon the picture tube as a source of entertainment, placing our role in this dynamic medium as the passive viewer.
1. With which topic is the passage primarily concerned?
2. What is the literal meaning of the word “television”?
3. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as a function of electronics in television transmissions?
4. What field of television is intended for specific groups?
5. Which of the following statements about the relationship between the television and its viewers can be inferred from the passage?
问题1选项
A.Recent changes in modern technology.
B.The marriage of broadcasting giants.
C.The role of television in today’s society.
D.The content of broadcast television programs.
问题2选项
A.Medium of the masses
B.Sight from a distance
C.Airwave transmission
D.Vehicle for communication
问题3选项
A.The conversion of image into electronic impulses.
B.The sending of impulses through a wire or cable.
C.The changing of one image into another image.
D.The feeding of impulses into a receiver.
问题4选项
A.Broad-based.
B.Reconstituted.
C.Traditional.
D.Non-broadcast.
问题5选项
A.Viewers do not take an active role in watching television.
B.Viewers would prefer increased news coverage.
C.Viewers like to use television to reach other human beings.
D.Viewers have grown tired of television.
第1题:C
第2题:B
第3题:C
第4题:D
第5题:A
第1题:
【选项释义】
With which topic is the passage primarily concerned? 这篇文章主要涉及哪个主题？
A. Recent changes in modern technology. A. 现代技术的最新变化。
B. The marriage of broadcasting giants. B. 广播巨头的联合。
C. The role of television in today’s society. C. 电视在当今社会中的作用。
D. The content of broadcast television programs. D. 广播电视节目的内容。
【考查点】主旨大意题。
【解题思路】文章首先介绍了电视技术的基本原理和发展，然后讨论了电视作为表达和沟通工具的角色，以及它如何在过去和现在对社会产生影响。最后，文章区分了广播电视和非广播电视的两种传输方式，并提到了传统广播网络对电视及公众认知的影响。由此可以推断，文章主要关注的是电视技术的演变及其对社会的广泛影响。因此C选项“电视在当今社会中的作用。”正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“现代技术的最新变化。”，文章主要关注点是电视技术及其在社会中的角色，而不是广泛的现代技术变化，属于过度推断；
B选项“广播巨头的联合。”和D选项“广播电视节目的内容。”在文中没有提及，属于无中生有。
第2题:
【选项释义】
What is the literal meaning of the word “television”? “电视”一词的字面意思是什么？
A. Medium of the masses. A. 大众传媒。
B. Sight from a distance. B. 远距离的视线。
C. Airwave transmission. C. 无线电波传输。
D. Vehicle for communication. D. 通信工具。
【考查点】词汇推断题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词literal meaning可以定位到文章第二段第一句The word “television”, derived from its Greek (tele: distant) and Latin (vision: sight) roots, can literally be interpreted as sight from a distance.（“电视”一词源于希腊语（tele：遥远）和拉丁语（vision：视线），字面意思可以理解为来自远处的视线。），说明“电视”一词的字面意思是远距离的视线。因此B选项“远距离的视线。”符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“大众传媒。”和D选项“通信工具。”虽然是电视的功能，但不是字面上的意思，属于偷换概念；
C选项“无线电波传输。”是电视传播信号的方式，而不是它的概念，属于曲解原文。
第3题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as a function of electronics in television transmissions? 以下哪项不是文中提到的电子设备在电视传输中的功能？
A. The conversion of image into electronic impulses. A. 将图像转换为电子脉冲。
B. The sending of impulses through a wire or cable. B. 通过电线或电缆发送脉冲。
C. The changing of one image into another image. C. 将一个图像转换成另一个图像。
D. The feeding of impulses into a receiver. D. 将脉冲输入接收器。
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词function of electronics in television transmissions可以定位到文章第二段第二、三句television provides the capability of converting an image (focused on a special photoconductive plate within a camera) into electronic impulses, which can be sent through a wire or cable. These impulses, when fed into a receiver (television set), can then be electronically reconstituted into that same image.（电视能够将图像（聚焦在摄像机内的特殊光电导板上）转换成电子脉冲，并通过电线或电缆发送出去。这些脉冲信号输入接收器（电视机）后，就能以电子方式重新生成相同的图像。），说明电子设备在电视传输中的功能包括通过电子系统将图像转换为电子脉冲并通过电线或电缆传输，然后这些脉冲被输入接收器并以电子方式重构为同一图像，其中将一个图像转换为另一个图像在文中没有提及，不属于电子设备在电视传输中的功能。因此C选项“将一个图像转换成另一个图像。”符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“将图像转换为电子脉冲。”，B选项“通过电线或电缆发送脉冲。”和D选项“将脉冲输入接收器。”均在文中有所提及，符合电子设备在电视传输中的功能，属于反向干扰。
第4题:
【选项释义】
What field of television is intended for specific groups? 哪个类型的电视是为特定群体服务的？
A. Broad-based. A. 广泛性。
B. Reconstituted. B. 重构的。
C. Traditional. C. 传统的。
D. Non-broadcast. D. 非广播。
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词specific groups可以定位到文章第四段最后一句Second, there is non-broadcast television, which provides for the needs of individuals or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques.（第二类是非广播电视，通过可控传输技术满足个人或特定利益群体的需求。），说明非广播电视是为特定群体提供内容的。因此D选项“非广播。”正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“广泛性。”，文中提到的broad-based airwave transmission of television signals（通过大范围的无线电波传输电视信号）指的是广播电视，它是面向大众的，而不是特定群体，属于张冠李戴；
B选项“重构的。”在文中描述的是电子脉冲在接收器中被重构为同一图像的过程，与针对特定群体无关，属于出处错位；
C选项“传统的。”，由Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses.（传统上，电视一直是大众传媒。）可知，传统电视是面向大众的，而不是特定群体，属于张冠李戴。
第5题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following statements about the relationship between the television and its viewers can be inferred from the passage? 关于电视与观众之间的关系，以下哪些说法可以从这篇文章中推断出来？
A. Viewers do not take an active role in watching television. A. 观众在观看电视时并不主动。
B. Viewers would prefer increased news coverage. B. 观众更希望增加新闻报道。
C. Viewers like to use television to reach other human beings. C. 观众喜欢通过电视接触其他人。
D. Viewers have grown tired of television. D. 观众已经厌倦了电视。
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据A选项关键词do not take an active role可以得到文章第五段最后一句We have come to look upon the picture tube as a source of entertainment, placing our role in this dynamic medium as the passive viewer.（我们将显像管视为娱乐的来源，将我们在这一动态媒体中的角色定位为被动的观众。），说明观众在看电视时扮演的是被动角色。因此A选项“观众在观看电视时并不主动。”正确。
【干扰项排除】
B选项“观众更希望增加新闻报道。”和D选项“观众已经厌倦了电视。”在文中没有提及，属于无中生有；
C选项“观众喜欢通过电视接触其他人。”，虽然文章提到电视是与他人交流的工具，但不代表观众喜欢通过电视来与他人接触，属于曲解原文。
