2021年河南公共英语真题及答案（含考点及解析）

2021年河南省普通高等学校

专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试

公共英语

小编推荐：2015年-2021年河南专升本真题汇总（更新中）

注意事项：

答题前，考生分必将自己的姓名、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。本卷的试题答案必须答在答题卡上，答在试卷上无效。

Part I Reading Comprehension (2* 20 points)

Passage 1

Some people argue that the pressure on international sportsmen and sportswomen kills the essence of spor-the pursuit of personal excellence. Children kick a football around for fun. When they get older and play for local school teams, they will become competitive but they still enjoy playing. The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself, and he has to think only about winning. He is responsible for the entire nation's hopes, dreams and reputation.

A good example is the FIFA World Cup. Football is the third most important sport in the world. Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success, Mention Argentina to someone and the chances are that he'll think of football. In a sense, winning the World Cup put Argentina, on the map,

Some sports fans and supporters get quite unreasonable about the World Cup. People in England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966. In 1978, thousands of the Scots sold their cars, and even their houses, and spent all their money traveling to Argentina,where the finals were played.

So, am I arguing that international competition kills the idea of sport? Certainly not! Do the Argentinean really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most slilful at football, their nation is in every way better than all others? Not really. But it's nice to know that you won and that in one way at least your country is the best.

1. What is the author's main purpose in the passage?

A. To explain the role of sport.

B. To compare Scotland with Argentina.

C. To show that Argentina is better than all others.

D. To prove that football is the world's third most important sport.

2. In the second paragraph, the underlined word "summit" means____.

A. award

B. summary

C. highest point

D.mountain top

3. According to the passage, Argentina is world-famous because of its____.

A. obvious position on the map

B. sucess in the World Cup

C. excellence in the most important sports

D. large number of sports fans and supporters

4. If a sportsman only thinks about winning, he will____.

A. fail to succeed

B. lose enjoyment

C. be successful

D.be unreasonable

5. What is the author's atitude towards international games?

A. Nations that meet on a football field are unlikely to meet on a battlefield.

B. Nations that win the World Cup are regarded as best in all aspects.

C. Nations that win in international games prove the best on the sports feld at least.

D. Nations that give much atention to international competitions are world-famous in many ways.

Passage 2.

For years and years people have been saying that the railways are dead. "We can do without railways, people say, as if motorcars and planes made the railways unecessary. We all keep hearing that trains are slow, that they lose money, and that they're dying. But this is far from the truth. In these days when oil is expensive, the railways have become highly competitive with motorcars and planes. If you want to carry people or goods from place to place, they're cheaper than planes.

Railways have much in common with planes. A plane goes in a straight line and so does a railway. What is more, it takes you from the heart of a city into the heart of another. But a railway doesn't leave you as a plane does, miles and miles away from the city center. It doesn't hold you up as a motorcar does, in endless traffic jams. And a single train can carry goods which no plane or motorcar could ever do.

Far from being dead, the railways are very much alive. Modem railway lines give you a smooth, untroubled journey. Where else can you eat well, sleep in comfor, feel safe and enjoy the scene while you are traveling at speed at the same time? And we are only at the beginning. We have entered the age of superfast trains, traveling at 150 miles an hour and more. Soon we will be wondering why spend so much on motorways we can't use because We don't have enough money to buy oil and planes we can't fly for the same reason.

6. Some people think the railways are dead for many reasons except that____.

A. trains are dying

B. oil is expensive today

C. trains are slow

D. railways lose money

7. The author's idea about railways seems to be that____.

A. we can do without railways

B. trains have much in common with motorcars and planes

C. motorcars and planes are not as good as trains

D. trains are as good as motorcars and planes

8. According to the author, which of the following is NOT true?

A. It is cheaper to travel by train than by plane.

B. The railway station is usually in the center of a city.

C. When you get off the plane you will find yourself right in the city center.

D. No motorcar or plane can cary as many goods as a train does in a cheap way.

9. According to the author, the disadvantage of motorcars and planes is that____.

A. they cannot travel fast enough

B. too much money, will be spent on oil

C. they cannot give a smooth, untroubled journey

D. the travelers cannot enjoy the scene in their journey

10. What's the main idea of the passage?

A. The railways are dead now.

B. Motorcars and planes have made the railways unnecessary.

C. We've entered the age of superfast trains.

D. The advantages of the railways enable them be alive even nowadays.

Passage 3

The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, pain free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever ataining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.

As a result, many people avoid the very atempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment, self-improvement.

Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is flled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.

Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night's sleep or three-day vacation. 1 don't know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children ever know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.

Understanding and acepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.

11. According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because____.

A. he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities

B. he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single

C. he finds more fun in dating than in marriage

D. he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and exciterment

12. Raising children, in the author's opinion, is____.

A. a moral duty

B. a thankless job

C. a rewarding task

D. a source of inevitable pain

13. From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems form____.

A. hatred

B. misunderstanding

C. prejudice

D. ignorance

14. To understand what true happiness is one must____.

A. have as much fun as possible during one's lifetime.

B. make every effort to liberate oneself from pain.

C. put up with pain under all circumstances.

D. be able to distinguish happiness from fun.

15. What is the author trying to tell us?

A. Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain.

B. One must know how to attain happiness.

C. It is important to make commitments.

D. It is pain that leads to happiness.

Passage 4

Everyone knows that laziness is a sin. We have probably all had lectures pointing out that laziness is immoral, wasteful, and that lazy people will never amount to anything in life. But laziness can be more harmful than that, and it is often caused by more complex reasons than simple wishes to avoid work. Some people who appear to be lazy are suffering from much more serious problems. They may be so distrustful of their fellow workers that they are unable to join in any group task for fear of ridicule or for fear of having their ideas stolen. These people who seem lazy may be paralyzed (丧失活动能力的) by a fear of failure that prevents fruitful work. Or other sorts of fantasies may prevent work; some people are so busy planning, sometimes planning great deals or fantastic achievements, that they are unable to deal with whatever "Iesser" work is on hand. Still other pcople are not avoiding work; strictly speaking, they are merely procrastinating ( 拖延) rescheduling their day.

Laziness can actually be helpful. Like procrastinators, some people may look lazy when they are really thinking, planning, contemplating (深思) and researching. We all should remember that some great scientific discoveries ocurred by chance or while some were“goofing off”(磨洋工) . Newton wasn't working in the orchard when the apple hit him and he discovered the law of universal gravitation. Sometimes, being "lazy"一that is, taking time off for a rest-is good for overworked students or executives. Taking a rest can be particularly helpful to the athlete who trying too hard or the doctor who's simply working himself overtime too many evenings at the clinic. So be careful when you are tempted to call someone lazy. That person may be thinking, resting, or planning his or her next book.

16. The underlined word "that" in the First paragraph refers to“____”

A. laziness is immoral

B. laziness is wasteful

C. lazy people will never amount to anything in life

D. all of the above

17. The first paragraph is motly devoted to the discussion of____.

A. Complex reasons that make people seem lazy

B. serious problems that lazy people suffer from

C. other sorts of fantasies that may prevent work

D. great deals that people are busy planning

18. According to the second paragraph, being "lazy" is good for____.

A. a student who is on holiday

B. a doctor who is working overtime

C. an executive who is on leave

D. an athlete who is not training

19. The tone of the passage is____.

A. Cautious

B. carcless

C. optimistic

D. pessimistic

20. What does the writer intend to tell us in the passage?

A. Laziness is definitely a sin.

B. Laziness can be of great help all the time.

C. Laziness makes people good for nothing.

D. Laziness should be properly defined.

Part I1 Close (1*20 points)

You've just been given a major task and want to do it well, but it seems that 21 you get started, you're interrupted. First, Jane stops 22 .Then, it's the phone. Later, your boss tells you to drop everything-- she's got a rush job. And you have that meeting at three!

All these things are important.. 23. you could rearrange them without breaking your. 24. And you can! We've heard about Quality time at home--why not quality time on the job Beginby. 25 out those parts of the day. 26 you' re most 27 .You may work best in the morning or in the afternoon. No matter when-just find your time and buildawall. 28 it.

Say 29 for you,_ 30 time begins at ten; 31 on your major task then, and don't let anything interrupt you. If you have a secretary, tell her or him to hold 32 calls and visitors, if you don', try to ask a colleague to help you. The 33 is that both outsiders and colleagues will know that you will not be. 34 for a part of each day, Why? Because you are working!

Prepare for this special block of time as carefully 35 you would for an important meeting. Don't waste precious minutes searching for memos of notes, Be read. 36 precisely at ten, and get the most 37 every second. You might like to use your.38 simply for thinking about a projeet, problem or a new idea.

Start small-- maybe thirty or forty minutes, three times a week, building 39 at least an hour. Sure, you'll have to chip away at your block a ltte sometimes, but guard that hour as you would any other valued. 40 .

21. A. because B. the minute C. so that D. even if

22.A.by B. in C. out D. over .

23. A. Where B. but C. If only D. Otherwise

24. A. interest B. promise C. condition D. concentration

25. A. finding B. found C. being found D. find

26. A. it B. out which C. why D. during which

27. A. successful B. creative C. tired D. sleepy

28. A. around B. behind C. far from D. above

29. A. what B. how C. that D. whether

30. A. lunch B. work C. task D. quality

31. A. Call B. Focus C. Depend D. Feed

32. A. all B. both C. none D. either

33. A. question B. demand C. news D. point

34. A. reasonable B. available C. embarrassing D. confusing

35. A. less . B. more C. as D. than

36. A. to begin B. beginning C. having begun D. began

37. A. on B. with C. out of D. over

38. A. memories B. blocks C. experiences D. relationships

39. A. compared to B.ducto. C. other than D. up to

40. A. possession B. position C. satisfaction D. doubt

Part II True or False (2*5 points)

Sometimes you'll hear people say that you can't love others until you love yourself. Sometimes you'll hear people say that you can't expect someone else to love you until you love yourself. Either way, you've got to love yourself first and this can be tricky. Sure we all know that we' re the apple of our parents' eyes, and that our grandmas think we are great talents and our uncle Roberts think that we will go to the Olympics, but sometimes it's a lot harder to think such nice thoughts about ourselves. If you find that believing in yourself is a challenge, it is time you built a positive self- image and learn to love yourself.

The self-image is your own mind's picture of yourself. This image includes the way you look, the way you act, the way you talk and the way you think. Interestingly, our selfimages are often quite different from the images others hold about us. Unfortunately, most of these self-images are more negative than what they should be, and thus changing the way you think about yourself is the key to changing your self-image and your whole world.

The best way to defeat a passive selfimage is to step back and decide to stress your successes. That is, make a list if you need to, and wrie down all of the great things you do every day. Don't allow doubts to occur in it.

It might well be that you are experiencing a negative self-image because you can't move past one flaw or weakness that you see about yourself. Well, roll up your sleeves and make a change of it as your primary task. If you think you are silly because you aren't good at math, find a tutor. If you think you are weak because you can't run a mile, get to the track and practice. If you think you are dull because you don't follow the latest trends, buy a few new clothes.

The best way to get rid of a negative self-image is to realize that your image is far from objctive and to actively convince yourself of your positive qualities. Changing the way you think and working on those you need to improve will go a long way towards promoting a positive self-image. When you can pat yourself on the back, you'll know you' re well on your way.

( )41. We can conclude that both adolescents and parents are the intended readers of the passage.

( )42. You need to build a positive self-image when you feel it hard to change yourself

( )43. According to the passage, our self-image are probably untrue.

( )44. If you want to change your self image, you should change the way you think.

( )45. The passage mainly talks about how to build a positive self-image.

Part IV Translation (40 points)

Section A English-Chinese Translation (2*5)

46. Everyone is studying hard to improve academic scores. How can you stop them?

A.为了提高学业成绩，所有人都在努力学习。你怎么可以阻止他们呢?

B.为了改善学习成绩，每个人一直努力学习。你为什么要阻止他们呢?

C.每个人只是为了改变学术方式而努力学习。你怎么可以阻止他们呢?

D.所有人都在为了改变学业成绩而刻苦学习。你为什么要阻止他们呢?

47. The new expanded swimming pool is twice the size of the previous one.

A.新的游泳池比旧的游泳池大两倍。

B.新修建的游泳池在尺寸上比先前的小两倍。

C.新扩建的游泳池是先前的两倍大。

D.先前的游泳池是新修建的两倍大。

48. Hardly had the football match begun when it started raining.

A.足球比赛还未开始，天就下雨了。

B.足球比赛无法开始了，天为下雨了。

C.足球比赛已经开始了，天也不下雨了。

D.足球比赛刚开始天就下雨了。

49. There were so many customers in the shop during the Spring Festival that shop assistant couldn't offer timely service to all of them.

A.春节期间，因为这家商店的顾客如此多，店员不能为顾客提供及时的服务。

B.春节期间，这家商店的顾客如此多，以至于店员不能为所有的顾客提供及时的服务。

C.这家商店在春节期间的顾客很多，但是店员能及时为顾客提供服务。.

D.这家商店在春节期间有如此多的顾客，但店员能为所有的顾客提供服务。

50. As long as he works hard, I don't mind when he finishes it.

A.除非他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候完成。

B.如果他认真工作，我就不会介意他什么时候完成。

C.只要他勤奋工作，我不介意他在哪里完成。

D.只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候完成。

Section B Blanked Cloze (3*5)

剪纸(paper cutig)是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百 多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)特别流行。特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，并经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。

Paper cutting is one of China's most popular traditional 51 Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1, 500 years. It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynaties. Spring Festival and 52, in particular, paper cuttings are used to 53 doors, windows and rooms in order to enhance the 54. The color most frequently used in paper cutig is red, which 55 health and prosperity. Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and it is often given as a present to foreign friends.

A. folk arts B. happy hours C. wedding celebrations

D. create E. joyous atmosphere F. marriage

G. symbolizes H. decorate I. cultural J. engagement

Section C Chinese- English Translation (3*5)

56.工作越努力，你的进步就越大。

57.不管你是谁，都要遵守法律。

58.这是她见过的最漂亮的学校。

59.我们期待在未来我们的学校会有振奋人心的发展。

60.政府让公众相信这个问题很快会得到解决。

Part V Error Correction (2* 10 points)

61. It is hard for me to get ready for the trip all by me.

ItA getB  for C  meD

62. IfI had wings，I will fly back to my hometown as soon as possible.

wingsA   willB  back C   soonD

63. We can't go outside now because the rain is too big.

outsideA   becauseB    isC  bigD

64. Those who have not hand in compositions are required to band it in today.

ThoseA   haveB   compositionsC   bandD

65. Because it costs too much, the tool limit in practical use.

BecauseA    tooB  limitC  practicalD

66. His friends appreciate to work with him, because he has a good sense of humor.

toA   workB    a goodC     humorD

67. Neither I nor his friends was interested in this novel when it was published.

NeitherA     wasB   whenC    publishedD

68. Weather permits, she will go out for a walk after supper with her parents.

permitsA      willB   go out forC   supperD

69. It was in the 2000 when the country sccessfully launched the first manned spaceship.

wasA      whenB  sccessfullyC   the firstD

70. He came to an conclusion that the greatest speed in the universe was that of light.

toA   thatB  greatestC  wasD

Part V Writing (1*20 points)

Directions: For this part, you are supposed to write a composition on the topic:

Different Attitudes towards Shopping. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below.

1.有人认为购物使人感到有趣;

2.有人认为购物只是-项任务;

3.你对购物的看法。

2021年英语真题及解析

Part I Reading Comprehension

Passage 1

1. [答案] A

[考点]主旨大意题

[解析]题干大意是:文中作者的主要目的是什么?第- -段讲述了体育运动员肩负着整个国家的希望、梦想和荣誉;第二、三段以国际足联世界杯为例讲述了贏得比赛会给国家带来积极影响;最后一段进行总结:在国际比赛中的获胜至少能证明这个国家在这方面实力强大。由此可推知,本文主要是解释体育运动的作用。故选A.

2. [答案] C

[考点]词语理解题

[解析]题干大意是:第二段中画线词“summit"的意思是:根据第二段最后三句"Winning the World Cup s..Mention Argentina to someone and the chances are that he'll think of football. In a sense, winning the World Cup put Argentina on the map."可知，赢得世界杯可能意味着获得了国际足球运动的最大胜利;一提起阿根廷，大家可能会想到足球;在某种意义上，阿根廷因为赢得了世界杯才名扬四方。由此可推知I,summit在此处意为“最高点，顶点”，与C项(最高点)意思最为相近。award:奖,奖品;summary: 总结; mountaintop:山顶。故选C。

3. [答案] B

[考点]事实细节题

[解析]题干大意是:根据文章，阿根廷世界闻名的原因是Mention Argentina to someone and the chances are that he'll think of football. In a sense, winning the World Cup put Argentina on the map."可知，一提起阿根廷，大家可能会想到足球;在某种意义上，阿根廷因为赢得了世界杯才名扬四方。故选B.

4.[答案] B

[考点]推理判断题

[解析]题干大意是:如果一名运动员只想着赢，他会___ ,根据第一段倒数第二句 "The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself, he has to think only about winning."可知，代表国家的个人是不能得到乐趣的，他必须只想着赢。由此可推知，如果一名运动员只想着赢，他会失去运动的乐趣。故选B.

5. [答案] C

[考点]观点态度题

[解析]题干大意是:作者对于国际比赛的态度是什么?根据最后一段最后一句“But it's nice to know that you won and that in one way at least your country is the best"可知，作者认为在国际比赛中的获胜至少证明这个国家在体育运动方面实力强大。故选C.

Passage 2

6. [答案] B

[考点]事实细节题

[解析]题千大意是:有些人认为铁路过时有很多原因，除了___根据第一段第三句“We all keep hearing that trains are slow, that they lose money, and that they're dying."可知，我们总是听到有人说火车速度慢，铁路赔钱并且正在没落，所以A. C. D三项都是有些人认为铁路过时的原因。根据第一 段倒数第二句"In these days when oil is expensive, the railways have become highly competitie...可知,现在的高油价使铁路对汽车和飞机非常具有竞争力,所以目前油价高并不是铁路过时的原因。故选B.

7. [答案] C

[考点]推理判断题

[解析]题干大意是:作者认为铁路似乎是___.

根据第一段倒数第二句"In these days, when oil is expensive, the railways have become highly competitie.." 和第二段最后三句"But a railway doesn't leave you as a plane does, miles and miles away from the city center.可知,作者认为由于油价高，铁路对飞机和汽车非常具有竞争力;并且,铁路不像飞机那样把人们丢在远离市中心的地方，也不像汽车那样让人们陷入无休止的交通堵塞之中;火车还可以运载飞机或汽车无法运载的物品。由此可推知，作者认为汽车和飞机没有铁路好，所以C项正确,D项不正确。根据第一段第二句 “We can do without railways, people say.."可知，人们认为他们可以没有铁路，但这并不是作者的观点，所以A项不正确;B项与第二段第一句不符。故选C。

8. [答案] C

[考点]事实细节题

[解析]题干大意是:根据作者所述，下 列哪项是不正确的?根据第二段第四句"But a railway doesn't leave you as a plane does, miles and miles away from the eity center."可知，下飞机之后你会发现自己远离市中心，所以C项不正确。故选C.

9. [答案] B

[考点]事实细节题

[解析]题千大意是:根据作者所述，汽车和飞机的缺点是___根据第三段最后一句"...ecause we don't have enough money to buy oil and planes we can't fly for the same reason."可知，很快人们就会思考为什么要花这么多钱在因为没钱买油而负担不起的汽车和飞机上。由此可知，汽车和飞机有相同的缺点一-燃油 会花费太多的钱。故选B.

10. [答案] D

[考点]主旨大意题

[解析]题干大意是:这篇文章的主要观点是什么?通读全文可知，第- -段指出人们认为铁路过时了，然而作者认为事实并非如此;接下来通过举例说明了与汽车和飞机相比，铁路仍然具有竞争力，并且铁路的优势让其即使在今天也充满活力。故选D.

Passage 3

11.[答案] B

[考点]事实细节题

[解析]题干大意是:根据作者所述，一位单身汉抗拒婚姻的主要原因是_ , 根据第三段第二句'If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment."可知，- -位单身汉抗拒婚姻的主要原因是他们害怕做出承诺，即不愿意承担家庭责任。故选B。

12. [答案] D

[考点]推理判断题

[解析]题千大意是:在作者看来，抚养孩子是___.根据第四段最后一句 “But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild."可知，决定不生孩子的夫妇永远不会知道看着孩子长大或和孙子一起玩耍的乐趣。由此可推知，在作者看来，抚养孩子是一件值得做的事情。故选D.

13. [答案] A

[考点]推理判断题

[解析]题干大意是:从最后一段我们可以了解到，嫉妒有时来源于___,根据最后一段最后一句"And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at ll."可知，理解真正的幸福将我们从嫉妒中解放出来：我们现在明白，所有那些总是很开心的人实际上可能根本不开心。由此可推知，嫉妒有时来源于误解(misunderstanding)。prejudice:偏见;hatred:仇恨,憎恨;gnorance:无知。故选A。

14. [答案] C

[考点]事实细节题

[解析]题干大意是:为理解真正的幸福是什么，一个人必须___,根据最后一段第一句Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realization."可知，真正的幸福和乐趣没有关系,理解并接受这一点是最具有解放意识的。由此可知，为了 理解真正的幸福是什么，- -个人必须能够区分幸福和乐趣。故选C.

15. [答案] B

[考点]主旨大意题

[解析]题干大意是:作者想告诉我们什么?第一段最后- 句“But, in fact, the opposite is true: more ofen than not, things that lead to happiness involve some pain."点明主旨:通常情况下，引起幸福的事情会包含一些痛苦;下文围绕这一观点展开了论述。由此可推知,作者想告诉我们的是幸福常与痛苦相伴。故选B。

Passage 4

16. [答案] D

[考点]词语理解题

[解析]题干大意是:第- .段中 的画线词“that"指___。 根据第一段第二、三句"We have probably all had lectures pointing out that laziness is immoral, wasteful, and that lazy people will never amount to anything in life. But laziness can be more harmful than th.."可知，画线词that指代的是前面提到的“懒惰不道德，懒惰浪费时间，懒人将在人生中一事无成”，A、B、C三项均包含在内，故选D.

17. [答案] A

[考点]主旨大意题

[解析]题干大意是:第一段主要讨论的是___。 根据第一段第三句...and it is ofen caused by more complex reasons than simple wishes to avoid work.”可知，导致懒惰的原因不仅仅是想要逃避工作那么简单，而是更为复杂。下文具体分析了人们懒惰的各种原因。由此可推知，本段主要讨论的是导致人们看起来懒惰的复杂原因。故选A。，

18. [答案] B

[考点]事实细节题

[解析]题千大意是:根据第二段，变得“懒惰”对__有帮助。根据第二段倒数第三、四句..being *lazy' .i good for overworked students or executives. Taking a rest can be particularly helpful to the athlete who is trying too hard or the doctor who, s simply working himself overtime too many evenings at the clinic."可知，“懒惰"对于劳累过度的学生或者主管来说是有好处的:对于努力过度的运动员或连续多日在诊所加夜班的医生来说，休息是特别有帮助的，所以B项(一位正在加班的医生)符合题意。A项(一名在度假的学生)、C项(一位在休假的主管)和D项(一位没有在训练的运动员)均不符合题意。故选B.

19. [答案] A

[考点]推理判断题

[解析]题干大意是:文章的基调是___ .通读全文可知，作者首先讲述了懒惰的危害和导致懒惰的原因,接着在第二段讲述了懒惰的益处。由此可推知，作者采取了一种客观且严谨的态度对懒惰进行了分析。cautious :小心的，谨慎的acaress:不小心的;optimisti:乐观的pessimistie:悲观的。故选A.

20. [答案] D

[考点]主旨大意题

[解析]题千大意是:文中作者想告诉我们什么?通读全文可知，文章探讨了导致懒惰的原因，并阐述了懒惰在某些情况下也会有好处。再结合第二段最后两句"So be careful when you are tempted to call somcone lazy. That person may be thinking, resting, or planning his or her next book."可知，当你想说某个人懒情的时候要小心了，那个人可能在思考、休息或构思'自己的卞本书。由此可推知，对懒惰的界定并不是一成不变的，我们应该采取正确的方式来定义它。故选D。

Part II Cloze

21. [答案] B

[考点]语法结构题

[解析]句意:你刚接到一项重要任务,并且想把它做好,但似乎你一开始就被打断了。because: H为，引导原因状语从句;the minute: - .....引导时间状语从句;so that:因此,以便:引导结果和目的状语从句: evenif: 即使，虽然，引导让步状语从句。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，选B.

22. [答案] A

[考点]词义辨析题

[解析]句意:首先,简顺路造访。stop by:过去坐坐，顺路造访;stop in:待在家里(不外出);stop out:夜里很晚不回家;stop over: ( 长途旅行在某处)中途停留。根据句意可知，选A。

23. [答案] C

[考点]语法结构题

[解析]分析句子结构可知，本句为一个感叹句，且用的是虚拟语气，所以只能用If only引导,表示将来没有可能实现的愿望，意为“要...就好了，但愿”。where可以引 导名词性从句和定语从句，但不能使用虚拟语气;but, othervise引出含蓄虚拟条件，这三项均不符合题意。故选C.

24. [答案] D

[考点]逻辑推理题

[解析] interest: 兴趣，吸引力;promise:诺言,许诺: condition:状态, 健康状况;concentration:专注，注意力。根据上文提到的“首先，简顺路造访;然后是电话;稍后，你的老板告诉你放下一切，她有个紧急工作;而你三点要去开会!"可推知,在接到一项重要任务后,你的注意力被各种事情分散了。故选D.

25. [答案] A

[考点]语法结构题

[解析]分析句子结构可知，空处应用动名词形式，和空后的内容一起作介词 by的宾语。根据句意可知,find out (弄清)与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，所以应用动名词的一般式。 故选A.

26. [答案] D

[考点]语法结构题

[解析]分析句子结构可知,空处引导的是一个定语从句，修饰指物的先行词those parts of the day。during the day为固定搭配，意为“在白天”，所以从句应用during which引导，其中which 在从句中作介词during的宾语。it不能引导从句;B项介词使用错误;why在定语从句中作原因状语，这三项均不符合题意。故选D. .

27. [答案] B

[考点]逻辑推理题

[解析] successful: 达到目的，获得成功的;creative:有创造力的;tired:疲倦的;leepy:困倦的。根据下文你可能在上午或下午工作最出色”可推知，此处表达的是“你最有创造力的那些时间段"。故选B

28. [答案] A

[考点]词义辨析题

[解析]句意:无论何时，只要找到你的时间(点)，然后在它周围筑一堵墙。around: 绕,环绕; behind:在(或向) ...的后面;far from;远离;above: 在(或向) ....上面。根据句意可知，选A。

29. [答案] C

[考点]语法结构题

[解析]分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个宾语从句。从句成分和意义完整，所以应用在从句中不充当任何语法成分，只起连接作用且无词义的that引导。what 在宾语从句中作主语、宾语等成分;how在宾语从句中作方式状语;whether在宾语从句中不充当任何语法成分，只起连接作用，但有“是否”的含义，这三项均不符合题意。故选C.

30. [答案] D

[考点]词义辨析题

[解析]句意:比方说,对你来说黄金时间在10点开始。根据第二段最后一句中的quality time可知，此处为其原词复现。lunch: 午餐;work: 工作,劳动;task: 任务。故选D.

31. [答案] B

[考点]词义辨析题

[解析]句意:然后专注于你的重要任务，不要让任何事情打断你。call on:邀请, 要求;focus on:集中 (注意力、精力等于); depend on:决定于,依靠: feed on: (动物) ...为食.根据句意可知,选B.

32. [答案] A

[考点]词义辨析题

[解析]all:所有，全部，全体，- 一切，常与名词连用,名词前面可用the, this, that, my, her, his等,也可用数词;both:两个都，常用短语为"both of+复数名词/代词”，该短语作主语时谓语动词应用复数形式;none:没有一个，毫无，常用于三个或三个以上的人或物，常用短语为"none of +复数名词/代词",该短语作主语时谓语动词既可用单数形式，也可用复数形式;ither”两者中的)任何一个，(两者中的)每个，常用短语为"either of+复数名词/代词”，该短语作主语时谓语动词既可用单数形式，也可用复数形式。根据空后的calk and visitors和句意可知,此处表达的是“所有的电话和来访者"。故选A.

33. [答案] D

[考点]词义辨析题

[解析]句意:重点是外人和同事都知道你每天都有一部分时 间没空。question: 间题,疑问;demand:要求，需要;news:新闻,消息;point:观点，重点。根据句意可知，选D.

34. [答案] B

[考点]词义辨析题

[解析]句意参考上题解析。reasonable: 合理的，有理由的; available: (东西) 可获得的，(人)有空的;embrrassing: 使人害羞的(或难堪的、惭愧的) ;confusing: 令人困惑的。根据句意可知，选B。

35. [答案] C

[考点]语法结构题

[解析]根据空前的ascarefully并结合句意可知，此处为“as+副词的原级+as”的原级比较结构,用于两者之间，表示一方与另一方一样。故选C. .

36. [答案] A

[考点]语法结构题

[解析] be ready to do sth.为固定用法，意为“准备好去做某事”，其中不定式(短语)作宾语。故选A.

37. [答案]c

[考点]词语搭配题

[解析] get sth. out of sb./sth.为固定搭配，意为.“....中获得(有益的东西)”。其他三项均无此用法。故选C.

38. [答案] B

[考点]词义辨析题

[解析]根据最后一段最后-句中的your blocks可知,此处为blocks的原词复现。memory:记忆力,记性: block: (时间的) -段; experience: (- 次)经历; relationship:联系。故选B.

39. [答案] D

[考点]词义辨析题

[解析]句意:从小处开始一可能三十或四十分钟，每周三次，逐渐增加到至少一个小时。compared to:与.....相比.... due to:由于，因为; other than:除...以外，不同于:upto:到达(某数量、程度等)。根据句意可知，选D.

40. [答案] A

[考点]词义辨析题

[解析] pssession:个人财产，私人物品;position:位 置;satisfaction:满足;doubt:疑惑，疑问。此处表达的是“像守护任何其他宝贵财产一样"。故选A.

Part III True or False

41. [答案] B

[解析]根据第一段第四句"Sure we all know that we' re the apple of our parents' eyes."可知，我们是父母珍爱的人，奶奶们认为我们是伟大的天才，叔叔们认为我们会参加奥运会。由此可推知，本篇文章的目标读者应是青少年，所以本题错误。

42. [答案] B

[解析]根据第一段最后 一句"If you find that believing in yourself is a challenge, it is time you built a positive self- image and learn to love yourself."可知，如果你发现相信自已是一个挑战的话，那你该是时候建立一个积极的自我形象，所以本题错误。

43. [答案] A

[解析]根据第二段最后一句Unfortunately, most of these self-images are more negative than what they should b.."可知，我们建立的大多数自我形象都过于消极，与其应有的样子不符。由此可推知，我们的自我形象可能是不真实的，所以本题正确。

44. [答案] A

[解析]根据第二段最后一句:“ .tus changing the way you think about yourself is the key to changing your self-image and your whole world."可知，改变你对自己的看法是改变自我形象的关键，所以本题正确。

45. [答案] A

[解析]通读全文可知，第一段提出论点:如果你觉得很难相信自己，那么就该建立一个积极的自我形象了，并学会爱自己;第二段至最后一段讲述了如何建立积极的自我形象和战胜消极的自我形象。由此可推知，本文主要是围绕“如何建立一个积极的自我形象”"展开的，所以本题正确。

Part IV Translation

Section A English-Chinese Translation

46. [答案] A

[解析]分析句子结构可知，第一句是一个简单句,第二句是一个特殊疑问句。Everyone 可译为“所有人，每个人”; studying hard可译为“努力学习，刻苦学习”; improve academic scores可译为“提高学业成绩”; How可译为“怎么”; stop 可译为“阻止”。故选A.

47. [答案]C

[解析]分析句子结构可知,本句含有一个“A+谓语+倍数+the size/eng/h/heigh/wit... +of+B”结构，表示“A是B大、长、高、宽等的X倍(A比B大、长、高、宽等X-1倍)”。new expanded可译为“新扩建的”;swimming pool可译为“游泳池”; previous可译为“先前的"。故选C.

48. [答案] D

[解析]分析句子结构可知，本句是一-个倒装句，含有一个Hardly.. when... (刚.....就 .....)结构。football match可译为“足球比赛" ; started raining可译为“开始下雨了”。故选D.

49. [答案] B

[解析]分析句子结构可知,本句是There be句型，且含有一个s... th..(如.....以至于....)结构。customers可译为“顾客”;during the Spring Festival可译为“春节期间”;shop assistant 可译为“店员”: timely service可译为“及时的服务”; all of可译为“所有的"。故选B.

50. [答案] D

[解析]分析句子结构可知，本句含有一个As long as(只要)引导的条件状语从句。works hard!可译为“努力工作”; mind 可译为“介意";when可译为“什么时候”。故选D.

Section B Blanked Cloze

51. [答案] A

52. [答案] C .

53. [答案] H

54. [答案] E

55. [答案] G

Section C Chinese- English Translation

56. [ 答案] The harder you work, the more progress you will make.

[解析]本句考查比较等级、常用单词的翻译。“越.... .....可译为"the+比较级，the+比较级"结构:;"工作”可译为work;“ 进步”可译为progress,

57. [答案] No matter who/Whoever you are, you have to obey the law.

[解析]本句考查让步状语从句和常用短语的翻译。逗号前的部分可译为No matter who/Whoever引导的让步状语从句;“要"可译为have to;"遵守法律”可译为obey the law。

58. [答案] This was the most beautiful school (that) she had ever seen.

[解析]本句考查固定句型、动词时态和常用单词的翻译。根据题干可知,本句可译为"Thiswas the most +adj.+n.+(that)从句”结构，此时that引导的定语从句应用过去完成时。“漂亮的“可译为beautiful; “学校”可译为school.

59. [答案] We look forward to exeiting developments in our school in the future.

[解析]本句考查常用短语的翻译。“期待”可译为look forward to;“在未来”可译为in the future;“振奋人心的发展”可译为exciting developments.

60. [答案] The government let the public believe (that)the problem would be solved soon.

[解析]本句考查宾语从句、动词时态、语态和常用短语的翻译。根据题干可知，“相信”后面可译为that引导的宾语从句，且that引导宾语从句时常常可以省略;根据句意可知，宾语从句应用过去将来时，表示在过去某时看来将要发生的动作;另外，“问题"和“解决"之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。......相信”可译为l..elieve;“公 众”可译为the public;“很快"可译为soon;“得到解决”可译为be solved.

Part V Error Correction

61. [答案] D应改为myself。

[考点]固定搭配

[解析]对我来说，独自为旅行做准备是困难的。(all) by myself为固定搭配，意为“(某人)独自，单独”，所以应把me改为myself。

62. [答案] B应改为should/would/could/mighto

[考点]虚拟语气

[解析]如果我有翅膀，我会尽快飞回自己的家乡。分析句子结构可知，本句包含一个If引导的非真实条件句。根据句意和从句中的谓语动词had可知，此处是对现在或将来情况的假设，主句的谓语动词应用*should/would/coul/might+动词原形”的形式，所以应把will改为should, would, could 或might.

63. [答案] D应改为heavy。

[考点]固定搭配

[解析]我们现在不能去外边，因为雨太大了。big: (体积、程度、数量等)大的，巨大的;heavy:(在数量、程度等方面)超出一般的,比一般严重的，常与rain搭配使用，所以应把big改为heavy.

64. [答案] B应改为do/did.

[考点]动词

[解析]那些没有上交作文的人被要求今天上交。根据句意、句中的时间状语today (今天)和who引导的定语从句中的谓语动词hand..in可知,从句应用一般现在时或--般过去时，且此处应借助助动词do,所以应把have改为do或did.

65. [答案] C应改为is limited.

[考点]被动语态

[解析]由于成本过高，该工具在实际使用中受到限制。根据句意可知, the tool和limit (限制)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，所以应把limits改为is limited.

66. [答案] A应改为working。

[考点]非谓语动词

[解析]他的朋友喜欢和他一起工作，因为他有很强的幽默感。apreciate doing sth.为固定用法，其中动名词(短语)作宾语，所以应把to work改为working。

67. [答案] B应改为were.

[考点]主谓一致

[解析]这本小说出版时，我和他的朋友都对它不感兴趣。“neither+ 名词/代词+nor+名词/代词"结构作主语时,谓语动词的单、复数形式应与nor后的名词或代词保持-致。主句谓语动词应与nor后的his friends保持一致,用复 数形式，所以应把was改为were。

68. [答案] A应改为permitingo

[考点]非谓语动词

[解析]如果天气允许的话,晚饭后她会和父母-起出去散步。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是完整的句子，其前后两部分之间没有连词，且前后两部分的逻辑主语不-致，所以逗号前为独立主格结构。根据句意可知,Weather和permit(允许)之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且句中没有明显的表示时间先后顺序的词，所以应用现在分词的一-般式，表示主动，所以应把permits改为permiting。

69. [答案] B应改为that。

[考点]强调句型

[解析]这个国家正是在2000年成功发射了第- -艘载人宇宙飞船。分析句子结构可知，本句是一个强调句。强调句的基本结构为:Itis1was+被强调部分+that/who+其他。被强调部分如果是人，其后可以用who连接，也可以用that连接;被强调部分如果是事物，其后只能用that连接。本句强调的是时间状语in 2000，应用that连接，所以应把when改为that。

70. [答案] D应改为is。

[考点]时态

[解析]他得出结论,宇宙中最快的速度是光速。根据句意和常识可知,“字宙中最快的速度是光速"陈述的是客观事实，第一个that引导的同位语从句应用一般现在时，所以应把was改为

Part VI Writing

Different Attitudes towards Shopping

Nowadays, shopping had become a topic of heated debate in the society. Views on this issue vary from person to person.

Some people regard shopping as a hobby. Through shopping during the busy life, they can find and buy something attractive which can make themselves happy. They believe shopping is very interesting. However, others just think shopping is a task to buy basic ncessities. They believe going shopping always takes up too much time and energy and this activity is boring and tiring.

In my opinion, I think shopping rationally can enrich our life and sometimes it even reshapes our way of life. Besides, with the rapid development of information and technology, online shopping has been a fashion. There is no doubt that online shopping has shortened the time we spend in shopping. All in all, I think if we shop properly, shopping really can enhance our sense of happiness.