摘要:英语学习始于单词,考研英语大纲当中也要求考生至少要熟练掌握5500左右的单词数量。以下是希赛网整理的考研英语词汇(六十一),希望能对各位考生有所帮助。
考生们多记单词不仅能帮助自己理解文章,还能在写作时丰富内容。希赛网整理了考研英语常用词汇(六十一),供各位研考生查看参考。更多考研英语词汇内容,点击考研英语常用词汇汇总进行查看。
高频词:
1. establish [ɪˈstæblɪʃ] v.
v. 建立,创立;确立;获得接受;查实,证实
常用搭配:establish sb./sth./yourself (in sth.) (as sth.) 确立;使立足;使稳固
例句:The new treaty establishes a free trade zone.
新条约设立了自由贸易区。
He has just set up his own business but it will take him a while to get established.
他刚建立起自己的公司,但要站稳脚跟还得花上一段时间。
The school has established a successful relationship with the local community.
这所学校与当地社区建立了良好的关系。
Traditions get established over time.
传统是随着时间的推移而得到认可的。
It has since been established that the horse was drugged.
此后便证实马被注射了麻醉药
拓展:
同:build, construct, erect, establish, found, set up
派:established 确定的;已制定的,已建立的
establishment 确立,制定;公司;设施
2. establishment [ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt] n.
n. 确立,制定;公司;设施
构词:establish 建立 + ment 行为或结果 → 建立
常用搭配:the medical/military/political, etc. establishment 医学界、军界、政界等当权派
例句:The hotel is a comfortable and well-run establishment.
这家旅馆环境舒适且经营良好。
The speaker announced the establishment of a new college.
发言人宣布了新学院的成立。
Shopkeepers would once have been pillars of the Tory establishment.
商店店主一度本该成为保守党统治集团的重要支柱。
拓展:
同:corporation, facility, company, firm
派:established 确定的;已制定的,已建立的
establish 建立;创办;安置
3. estimate [ˈestɪmət , ˈestɪmeɪt] n./v.
n. 估计,估价;判断,看法
v. 估计,估量;判断,评价
构词:estim 价值 + ate 表动词 → 估计,估量
常用搭配:estimate for 对……估价、估计
estimate at 估计……,估计有……
cost estimate 成本估算,成本估计
例句:I can give you a rough estimate of the amount of wood you will need.
我可以粗略估计一下你所需要的木材量。
At least 5 000 people were killed, and that’s a conservative estimate.
至少5 000人丧生,这还是个保守的估计。
拓展:
同:evaluate, guess at; computation, appraisal, assessment, evaluation; measure, value
派:estimable 可估计的;可尊敬的;有价值的
estimation 估计;尊重
4. evidence [ˈevɪdəns] n./v.
n. 根据;证明;证据;(法庭上的)证据,证词,人证,物证
v. 证明;表明;作为……的证据
构词:e 出 + vid 看 + ence 性质,状态 → 证据
常用搭配:evidence (of/for sth.) / evidence (that...) / evidence (to suggest, show, etc.) 根据;证明;证据
(be) in evidence 显眼;显而易见
例句:There is not a shred of evidence that the meeting actually took place.
没有丝毫证据表明这个会议确已举行。
On the evidence of their recent matches, it is unlikely the Spanish team will win the cup.
从西班牙队最近的比赛情况看,他们不太可能夺冠。
I was asked to give evidence at the trial.
我被要求出庭作证。
The police were much in evidence at today’s demonstration.
在今天的示威集会上警察随处可见。
拓展:
同:authentication, certification, demonstration, proof; demonstrate, prove, bear witness to
派:evident 明显的;明白的
evidentiary 证据的
evidential 证据的;基于证据的;提供证据的;可作证据的
evidently 显然,明显地;清楚地
5. evolution [ˌiːvəˈluːʃn] n.
n. 演变;进化论;进展
构词:e 出 + volu 卷,转 + tion 表名词 → 进化
例句:In politics Britain has preferred evolution to revolution.
英国在政治上喜欢渐进而不喜欢革命。
Darwin eventually put forward a model of biological evolution.
达尔文最终提出了一套生物进化的理论模式。
拓展:
同:unfolding, Monkey to Man
派:evolutionary 进化的;发展的;渐进的
evolutionism 进化论的
evolutionist 进化论的
evolutionism 进化论
evolutionist 进化论者
evolve 发展,进展;进化;逐步形成
低频词:
1. director [dəˈrektə(r)] n.
n. 董事,理事,经理;负责人,主任,经理,院长;导演
例句:The new director has really got things moving.
新来的主任确实使事情有了进展。
The director took us through the play scene by scene.
导演一幕一幕地给我们说戏。
2. directory [dəˈrektəri] n.
n. 名录,电话号码簿,公司名录;目录
构词:direct 指导 + ory 物 → 电话目录
例句:This command deletes files from the directory.
这一指令把文档从目录中删除。
We scoured the telephone directory for clues.
我们仔细查阅电话簿以寻找线索。
拓展:
同:catalogue, brochure, index
3. dirt [dɜːt] n.
n. 污物,尘土,烂泥;松土,泥土,散土;丑闻,流言飞语
例句:His clothes were covered in dirt.
他的衣服沾满了污垢。
Dirt had collected in the corners of the room.
房间的角落里积满了灰尘。
拓展:
同:earth, dust, clay, powder
派:dirty 下流的,卑鄙的;污秽的;恶劣的;暗淡的
dirtily 龌龊地;下贱地
dirtiness 肮脏;污秽
dirty 变脏,弄脏
4. dirty [ˈdɜːti] adj./v.
adj. 肮脏的,龌龊的,污秽的;下流的,色情的,黄色的,猥亵的;令人厌恶的,卑鄙的,不诚实的;不鲜明的,暗淡的;吸毒的
v. 弄脏,使变脏
常用搭配:do the dirty on sb. 欺骗;出卖;亏待
get your hands dirty 做体力工作;体力劳动
dirty great/big 非常大的;很大的
例句:I’d never do the dirty on my friends.
我决不出卖朋友。
I dirty my trousers when I step on the mud.
我一脚擩在烂泥里,把裤子弄脏了。
拓展:
同:dusty, foul, poor, mean, blue, base, gross; soil, mud, spot
派:dirtily 龌龊地;下贱地
dirt 污垢,泥土;灰尘,尘土;下流话
dirtiness 肮脏;污秽
5. disable [dɪsˈeɪbl] v.
v. 使丧失能力,使伤残;使无效,使不能运转
构词:dis 除去;剥夺 + able 能 → 剥夺能力 →〔使〕丧失能力
例句:There is a lack of adequate provision for disabled students.
为残疾学生提供的服务不够。
The burglars gained entry to the building after disabling the alarm.
窃贼破坏报警器后便得以进入大楼。
拓展:
派:disabled 残废的,有缺陷的
disablement 残废;无资格;损坏
6. disappoint [ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt] v.
v. 使失望;使破灭,使落空
构词:dis 不 + appoint 指派 → 不〔被〕指派 → 使失望
例句:His latest novel does not disappoint.
他最近发表的这部小说没有使人失望。
The new government had soon disappointed the hopes of many of its supporters.
新政府不久便使许多支持者的希望破灭了。
拓展:
派:disappointed 失望的,沮丧的;受挫折的
disappointing 令人失望的;令人扫兴的
disappointedly 失望地
disappointingly 令人失望地
disappointment 失望;沮丧
7. disastrous [dɪˈzɑːstrəs] adj.
adj. 极糟糕的;灾难性的;完全失败的
例句:Last year’s figures were little short of disastrous.
去年的数字简直是灾难。
Lowering interest rates could have disastrous consequences for the economy.
降低利率可能给经济带来灾难性后果。
拓展:
同:sinister, sorrowful
派:disastrously 悲惨地
8. disk [dɪsk] n.
n. 磁盘;磁碟
例句:Every file on the same disk must have a different name.
同一磁盘上的每一个文件都必须有不同的文件名。
Always make a backup disk as an insurance policy.
为保险起见,每次都要做备份磁盘。
9. discern [dɪˈsɜːn] v.
v. 觉察出,识别,了解;(依稀)看出,分辨出,听出
构词:dis 完全地;加强 + cern 搞清楚,区别 → 识别
例句:It is often difficult to discern how widespread public support is.
了解公众支持的广泛程度常常是困难的。
We could just discern the house in the distance.
我们只能勉强分辨出远处的房子。
拓展:
同:detect, recognize, identify
派:discernible 可辨别的;可识别的
discerning 有辨识能力的;眼光敏锐的
discernable 可辨别的;可认识的
discernment 识别;洞察力;敏锐;眼力
10. disclose [dɪsˈkləʊz] v.
v. 揭露,透露,泄露;使显露,使暴露
构词:dis 不,没有 + clos 关闭 + e → 揭发;泄露
常用搭配:disclose sth. (to sb.) 揭露,透露,泄露
例句:The report discloses that human error was to blame for the accident.
报告披露这次事故是人为原因造成的。
The door swung open, disclosing a long dark passage.
门开了,露出一条昏暗的长通道。
拓展:
同:expose, reveal
派:disclosure [审计] 披露;揭发;被揭发出来的事情
11. discount [ˈdɪskaʊnt , dɪsˈkaʊnt] n./v.
n. 折扣
v. 认为……不重要,对……不全信,低估;打折扣,打折出售
常用搭配:discount on/off sth. 折扣
discount sth. as sth. 认为……不重要,对……不全信,低估
例句:Full-time staff get a 20 per cent discount.
全职员工享受20%的折扣。
We cannot discount the possibility of further strikes.
我们不能低估再次发生罢工的可能性。
拓展:
同:agio, rabato
派:discounter 折扣商店;廉价商店
12. discourage [dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒ] v.
v. 阻拦,阻止,劝阻;使灰心,使泄气,使丧失信心
构词:dis 除去;剥夺 + courage 勇气 → 使失去勇气
常用搭配:discourage sth./discourage sb. from doing sth.
阻拦,阻止,劝阻;使灰心,使泄气,使丧失信心
例句:His parents tried to discourage him from being an actor..
他的父母试图阻止他去当演员。
The weather discouraged people from attending.
这天气使得人们不愿意出席。
拓展:
同:daunt, stem, block, dispute, prohibit
派:discouraged 气馁的
discouraging 使人沮丧的;令人气馁的
discouragingly 使人气馁地,使人沮丧地;阻止地
discouragement 气馁;挫折;劝阻
13. discourse [ˈdɪskɔːs , dɪsˈkɔːs] n./v.
n. 论文,演讲;语篇,话语
v. 讲述,论述
常用搭配:discourse on/upon sth. 讲述,论述
例句:He was hoping for some lively political discourse at the meeting.
他希望在会上听到些生动的政治演讲。
He discoursed for several hours on French and English prose.
他花了几个小时讲述法国和英国的散文。
拓展:
同:speech, talk, address, lecture, treatise; orate, speechify
14. discover [dɪˈskʌvə(r)] v.
v. 发现;找到,发觉;了解到,认识到,查明;发现(人才)
构词:dis 除去 + cover 遮,盖;盖子 → 除去覆盖物 → 发现
例句:Cook is credited with discovering Hawaii.
人们把发现夏威夷的功劳归于库克。
We never did discover why she gave up her job.
我们一直弄不清楚她为什么辞职。
拓展:
同:uncover, detect
派:discoverable 发现的;显露的;泄露的
discovery 发现,发觉;被发现的事物
discoverer 发现者
15. discovery [dɪˈskʌvəri] n.
n. 发现,发觉;被发现的事物(或真相、人)
构词:discover 发现 + y 行为 → 发现
例句:Researchers in this field have made some important new discoveries.
这个领域的研究人员有了一些重大的新发现。
The drug is not a new discovery -- it’s been known about for years.
这种药并不是什么新发现——多年前便为人所知。
拓展:
同:detection, occurrence, find
派:discoverable 发现的;显露的;泄露的
discoverer 发现者
discover 发现;发觉
16. discreet [dɪˈskriːt] adj.
adj. 谨慎的,慎重的,考虑周到的
例句:You ought to make a few discreet enquiries before you sign anything.
你应该审慎地询问清楚再签字。
The two journalists followed at a discreet distance.
那两个记者谨慎地保持距离跟在后面。
拓展:
同:careful, cautious, prudent, wary
派:discreetly 谨慎地;小心地
discreetness 谨慎;用心深远
17. discrepancy [dɪsˈkrepənsi] n.
n. 差异;不符合;不一致
常用搭配:discrepancy in sth./ discrepancy between A and B 差异;不符合;不一致
例句:At other times the discrepancy was of the order of 20%.
往常的出入约为20%。
There was considerable discrepancy between the two accounts of the battle.
两份关于那次战役的报道大有出入。
拓展:
同:conflict, unconformity
派:discrepant 有差异的;相差的;矛盾的
18. discrete [dɪˈskriːt] adj.
adj. 分离的;互不相连的;各别的
构词:dis 加强 + cret 搞清;区别 + e → 加以区别 → 不同的
例句:The organisms can be divided into discrete categories.
有机体可分为许多互不相联的种类。
Social structures are not discrete objects; they overlap and interweave.
社会结构之间不是离散的,他们相互重叠交织。
拓展:
同:uncontinuous, incontinuous
派:discretion 自由裁量权;谨慎;判断力;判定;考虑周到
discreteness 组件;不连续性(目标对于背景的显明度)
19. discretion [dɪˈskreʃn] n.
n. 自行决定的自由,自行决定权;谨慎,慎重,审慎
构词:dis 加强 + cret 搞清;区别 + ion 表状态 → 一再搞清楚 → 谨慎
常用搭配:at sb.’s discretion 由某人斟酌决定;按照某人的意见
例句:There is no service charge and tipping is at your discretion.
不收服务费,给不给小费由你自行决定。
This is confidential, but I know that I can rely on your discretion.
这是机密,不过我知道你靠得住。
拓展:
同:freedom, liberty
20. discriminate [dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪt] v.
v. 区别,辨别,区分;区别对待,歧视,偏袒
构词:dis 加强 + crimin 搞清;区别 + ate 表动词 → 区分〔对待〕→ 区别;歧视
常用搭配:discriminate between A and B/ discriminate A from B 区别,辨别,区分
discriminate against sb./ discriminate in favour of sb. 区别对待,歧视,偏袒
例句:A number of features discriminate this species from others.
有许多特征使这一物种与其他物种区别开来。
It is illegal to discriminate on grounds of race, sex or religion.
因种族、性别或宗教信仰而有所歧视是非法的。
拓展:
派:discriminatory 有辨识力的;差别对待的
discriminating 识别的;有差别的;有识别力的
discriminative 区别的,歧视的;有识别力的
discriminable 可辨别的;可分别的
discrimination 歧视;区别,辨别;识别力
discriminator [电子] 鉴别器;辨别者
会计硕士MPAcc备考资料免费领取
去领取