2017年12月英语四级考试真题及答案5（第1套）

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

It's time to reevaluate how women handle conflict at work.Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life.It will only slow you down and hinder your career goals.

Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted?Nearly twice as many women than men ages 18-44 reported feeling"very tired"or"exhausted",according to a recent study.

This may not be surprising given that this is the age range when women have children.It's also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home.One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying"no."Women want to be able to do it all—volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals—and so their answer to any request is often"Yes,I can."

Women struggle to say"no"in the workplace for similar reasons,including the desire to be liked by their colleagues.Unfortunately,this inability to say"no"may be hurting women's heath as well as their career.

At the workplace,men use conflict as a way to position themselves,while women often avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker,because they don't want to be viewed as aggressive or disruptive at work.For example,there's a problem that needs to be addressed immediately,resulting in a dispute over who should be the one to fix it.Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefits them most,whereas women may approach the same dispute from the perspective of what's the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem—even if that means doing the boring work themselves.

This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promoted to a leadership position and who does not.Leaders have to be able to delegate and manage resources wisely—including staff expertise.Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion.Instead,it may highlight your inability to delegate effectively.

51．What does the author say is the problem with women?

A．They are often unclear about the career goals to reach.

B．They are usually more committed at home than on the job.

C．They tend to be over-optimistic about how far they could go.

D．They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability.

52.Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy?

A．They struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and home.

B．They are too devoted to work and unable to relax as a result.

C．They do their best to cooperate with their workmates.

D．They are obliged to take up too many responsibilities.

53．What may hinder the future prospects of career women?

A．Their unwillingness to say"no".

B．Their desire to be considered powerful.

C．An underestimate of their own ability.

D．A lack of courage to face challenges.

54．Men and woman differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that ______.

A．women tend to be easily satisfied

B．men are generally more persuasive

C．men tend to put their personal interests first

D．women are much more ready to compromise

55．What is important to a good leader?

A．A dominant personality.

B．The ability to delegate.

C．The courage to admit failure.

D．A strong sense of responsibility.

【参考答案】

51-55：DAACB

【参考译文】

是时候重新评估女性在工作中如何处理冲突了。在家里或工作中过度劳累或过度投入，不会让你达到你想要的生活目标。这只会减慢你的速度，阻碍你的职业目标。

你知道女人比男人更容易感到疲惫吗?根据最近的一项研究，18-44岁的女性感到“非常疲惫”或“疲惫”的人数是男性的近两倍。

考虑到这是女性生孩子的年龄范围，这可能并不奇怪。这也是许多女性试图平衡事业和家庭的年龄范围。女人感到疲惫的一个原因是她们很难说“不”。女性希望能够做到这一点——参加学校聚会或做美味的饭菜——因此她们对任何要求的回答通常都是“是的，我能。”

女性在工作场合难以说“不”，原因与此类似，包括她们希望同事喜欢自己。不幸的是，不能说“不”可能会损害女性的健康和事业。

在工作场合，男性以冲突为自己定位的方式，而女性则往往避免冲突或努力成为和平的缔造者，因为她们不想在工作中被视为好斗或捣乱。例如，有一个问题需要立即解决，导致关于谁应该是解决问题的人的争论。男人更有可能从什么对他们最有利的角度来面对这个问题，而女人可能会从什么是最容易、最快的解决问题的方法来处理同样的问题，即使这意味着自己去做无聊的工作。

这种处理冲突的差异可能是决定谁能晋升到领导职位和谁不能的决定性因素。管理者必须能够明智地分配和管理资源——包括员工的专业知识。承担更多的工作量可能不会让你获得晋升。相反，它可能会突显你无法有效地委派工作。

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2017年12月英语四级考试真题及答案汇总（第1套）