中国人民大学2008年考博英语真题及答案

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中国人民大学2008年考博英语真题及答案

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Part I Vocabulary (20%)

Directions: Choose the best answer from A, B, C and D to complete each of the following sentences.Mark your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

1. In general，the of the total for living expenses.

A. acceptable B. advisable C. available D. applicable

2. Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to, the color of his skin.

A. with the exception of B. in the light of C. by virtue of D. regardless of

3. Housewives who do not go out to work often feel they are not working to their full .

A. capacity B. strength C. length D. possibility

4. The soldier was of running away when the enemy attacked.

A. scolded B. charged C. accused D. punished

5. To begin some activity is to doing it.

A. set down B. set up C. set about D. set off

6. How can you and watch the country go to ruin?

A. stand by B. stand for C. stand up D. stand up for one took his place.

A. sent up B. sent off C. sent out D. sent in

13. The cultures of China and Japan have shared many features, but each has used them according to its national .

A. personality B. temperament C. interest D. destiny

14. Our journey was slow because the train stopped at different villages.

A. gradually B. continuously C. constantly D. continually

15. When he realized the police had spotted him, the man the exit as quickly as possible.

A. made for B. made out C. made up to D. made way

16. The annual of the department store starts tomorrow.

A. stocking B. stocktaking C. stockpiling D. stockholding

17. Remember to ask for a of quality for these goods ； otherwise they will not offer any maintenance.

A. warranty B. promise C. certificate D. receipt

18. In many countries tobacco and medicine are government .

A. control B. monopoly C. business D. belongings

19. To ensure its sustained progress in economy, the government has a series of policies.

A. reserved B. issued C. delivered D. expressed

20. He has never worried about his properties because he has them against disasters and theft.

A. assured B. ensured C. insured D. secured

21. The terrorists kidnapped the director of the company and demanded a large sums of money for his

A. liberty B. relief C. relaxation D. release

22. A completely new situation is bound to when the examination system is introduced.

A. rise B. arise C. raise D. arouse

23. A good way to a language is to live in the native culture with the native speakers.

A. require B. inquire C. acquire D. enquire

24. A product is to be regarded as being when introduced into the commerce of another country at less than its normal value.

A. discharged B. discarded C. disposed D. dumped

25. It’s apparent that the wooden bridge is not strong enough to the weight of a lorry.

A. retain B. sustain C. obtain D. maintain

26. After his recovery from illness, he is determined to what he had been doing to attain the goal.

A. assume B. consume C. presume D. resume

27. The transition from wife’s to mother’s role require the wife to to the completely new situation in daily life.

A. adapt B. adjust C. adopt D. accept

28. All workers, regardless of their sex and education, are required to at the age of 60.

A. resign B. retire C. regain D. retain

29. The plane found the spot and hovered close enough to that it was a car.

A. ensure B. examine C. verify D. testify

30. The encouraging factor is that the majority of people find the idea of change acceptable.

A. numerous B. vast C. most D. massive

31. The increase in student numbers many problems for the universities.

A. forces B. presses C. provides D. poses

32. Please from smoking until the aeroplane is airborne.

A. refrain B. prevent C. resist D. restrain

33. Reporters and photographers alike took great at the rude way the actor behaved during the interview.

A. annoyance B. offence C. resentment D. irritation

34. Topics for composition should be to the experiences and interests of the students.

A. concerned B. dependent C. connecting D. relevant

35. The novel contains some marvelously revealing of rural life in the 19th century.

A. glances B. glimpses C. glares D. gleams

36. Sometimes the student may be asked to write about his to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied.

A. reaction B. comment C. impression D. comprehension

37. Picking flowers in the park is absolutely .

A. avoided B. prohibited C. rejected D. repelled

38. Tony has not the least of giving up his research work.

A. intention B. interest C. wish D. desire

39. Two of the children have to sleep in one bed, but the other three have ones.

A. similar B. singular C. different D. separate

40. Am I to understand that his new post no responsibility with it at all?

A. keeps B. supports C. carries D. possesses

Part H Reading Comprehension (30%)

Directions: Read the following passages, decide on the best one of the choices marked A, B, C and D for each question or unfinished statement and then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET.

Passage 1

It has been argued that where schools become bureaucratized, they become bound up with the techniques and implementation of the managerial process, and may concentrate on concern with position and self-advancement. In so doing, they may neglect the purpose for which they were set up. Thus, they do not facilitate the development of those who are part of the school community, and tend to neglect the desires of children, parents and society at large. It is because of such criticisms that there has been an increasing influence in political rhetoric and legislation of free-market theories of organization and society. Such theories suggest that a much more market-oriented，competitive approach is required so that schools reorient themselves towards their “clients”. By so doing, it is claimed, not only do they once again address the needs of those with whom they should be primarily concerned, but such an approach also unleashes the benefits of individual responsibility, freedom of choice, and reward. Though much of this sounds attractive, it has its roots as much in an economic body of thought as in social and political theory, and this must raise the question of whether it can be viably transferred to an educational context. Indeed，if by “ educational” we mean the development of all within the school community, then free-market theory may miss the mark by concentrating on only one section, “the consumers”. If teachers are seen as part of this community, then their development is just as important. If bureaucratic forms of management face the problem of explaining how their values can be objective when they are in fact the product of a particular value orientation, the forms of management derived from free-market theories, suggesting an openness to the adoption of different sets of values, are subject to the charge of relativism. In other words, free-market theories, granted that they are arguing that individuals should be allowed to pursue their own ends, must explain why any set of values, including their own, is preferable to another.

41. According to the author, criticism of schools arises from .

A. concerns that schools deliberately neglect students

B. the high cost of education due to bureaucracy

C. a perception of them as self-serving and bureaucratic

D. a misunderstanding of schools officials

42. The “school community”( Line 4, Para. 4) the author refers to would probably include .

A. students B. students and parents

C. students, parents and teachers D. teachers and students

43. The transfer of free market ideas to the schools may fail because .

A. schools have no real clients

B. they concentrate only on the consumer and do not include teachers

C. schools are totally different from the free market