考博英语词汇之形近词辨析：A

考博英语词汇之形近词辨析

大部分博士招生院校校在试卷的第一部分或者第二部分以词汇题形式考查词汇，一般考察考查形近词、词组搭配、近义词。下面希赛网考博英语频道为大家按照字母排序整理了考博英语词汇形近词辨析，供大家参考学习。希望能为大家在考博中提供到帮助。

1.Aboard abroad aboard

在船、火车、飞机或其他客运交通工具上 abroad

adv.往国外, 到处, 海外, 广泛, 差得远,

2.adept adopt adapt Adept

adj.(与at, in连用) 熟练的;精通的

She was adept at the fine art of irritating people. n. 内行;老手 adopt

vt.收养;采取;采用 They adopted our methods. 正式通过;采纳

The resolution was adopted by a vote of 180 in favour to 10 against it. adapt

vt.使适应;使适合

He adapted himself to the cold weather.

When he moved to Canada, the children adapted to the change very well.

3.adopted adoptive adopted

adj.被收养的，被采纳的 an adopted child an adopted advice adoptive

adj.收养(孩子)的 an adoptive mother

4.averse adverse averse

adj.(常与to连用)嫌恶的

I am not averse to a dance party and a good mean after a week's hard work. The minister is averse to/from flattery. adverse

adj.不利的;相反的 an adverse decision

Adverse circumstances compelled him to close his business.

5. affection affectation affection

n.友爱, 爱情, 影响, 疾病, 倾向

affectation

n.假装, 虚饰, 做作

6.altitude latitude longitude multitude attitude aptitude altitude

n.(海拔)高度

At high altitudes of Tibet it is difficult to breathe. 高处

The plane flew at an altitude of 20000 metres. latitude

n.纬度, 范围, (用复数)地区, 行动或言论的自由(范围) longitude n.经度, 经线 multitude

n.多数, 群众 attitude

n.姿势，态度

People's attitude towards the skyscrapers varies widely.

看法;意见

What is the Municipal Authority's attitude to the proposal of a tunnel across the river? What's the authorities' attitude towards this discord? aptitude

n.能力;才能;天资

7.angle angel angle

n.角;角度 a right angle

角落;墙角;棱角

观点; 看法;看问题的角度

to consider all angles of the question

The professor angled his report to suit the audience he was speaking to. vt.

转动一个角度 to angle a camera

带成见地描述(某事)

He angles his reports to please his editor in chief. 用钩和钓钓鱼

He is keen on angling.

(与for连用)运用手段获得，攫取 angel

n.天使，守护神，仁慈、漂亮的女人

8.announce denounce renounce pronounce announce

vt.通告;发表 宣布，宣告

The captain announced that the plane was going to land.

The government announced that they would build a new highway to the mountain. denounce

vt.揭发;告发;斥责 renounce

vt.正式放弃

He renounced his claim to the property. 宣布断绝关系

He renounced his religion. pronounce vt., vi.

发音;发出…音

How do you pronounce c-l-e-r-k?

宣称;宣告;断言

The expert pronounced the picture to be a forgery. The priest pronounced them man and wife.

Everyone pronounced the party to be very good. (常与on, for, against, in favor of连用)〈法〉宣判 The judge pronounced sentence on the prisoner. 9. annual annul annual

adj.每年的;一年一次的 an annual event annul

vt.取消，废除(婚姻、契约等)

10.apposite opposite apposite adj.适当的 opposite

adj.相对的, 对面的, 对立的, 相反的, 对等的, 对应的 n.相反的事物

11. appraise apprise praise appraise

vt.评估，评价，鉴定 apprise

vt.通知;告知

She was apprised of our arrival.

The secretary came to apprise us that the erection of the monster machine had been successfully completed. praise

vt.赞美;赞扬;歌颂;赞颂

She praised her daughter's hard work.

12.apprehensive comprehensive apprehensive

adj.忧虑的; 担心的

apprehensive for sb.'s safety comprehensive

adj.全面的;广泛的;包含内容多的;详尽的

The state government gave a very comprehensive explanation of its plans for the development of electronic industry.

13. argument augment argument

n.争论, 辩论, 论据, 论点, ～ (for,against), 意见 augment

vt., vi.增大;增加

14. ascribe describe prescribe subscribe inscribe proscribe ascribe

vt.归因于, 归咎于 describe

vt.描写, 记述, 形容, 形容 v.描述 prescribe

vt., vi.`开药方;处方 命令;规定

The law prescribes what should be done.

What punishment does the law prescribe for corruption? The doctor prescribed total abstinence. subscribe

vt., vi.(常与to, for连用)捐款;捐助;订购(报纸、杂志等)，(常与to连用)同意，赞同

inscribe

vt.(常与in, on, with连用)题写;铭刻 She inscribed her own name on the textbook. (常与to连用)题名

This book I inscribe to my old comrades-in-arms. proscribe vt.禁止

15. assent ascent assent

vi.(常与to连用)同意 ascent

n.上升, (地位, 声望等的)提高, 攀登, 上坡路

16. dissent descent decent dissent

vi.(常与from连用)持异议;不同意;意见不一致

He and I dissented from each other in choosing a suitable candidate. descent

n.下降;下滑;降下;下来 血统;遗传

He traces his descent from an old Norman family. decent

adj.体面的 合适的

17. assume resume consume presume assume

vt.假定;假设

I assume you always get up at the same time. 采用;承担

to assume new duties resume

n.摘要, 概略, <美> 履历

vt.再继续, 重新开始, 重新占用, 再用, 恢复 consume

vt., vi.吃，喝

消耗;消费;花费

His old car consumed much gasoline.

毁灭;烧毁

The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the neighbourhood. presume

vt., vi.(常与that连用)假定;假设;认为

I presume from your speech that you are a foreigner. You must presume no such thing.

当作;姑且认为

If a person is missing for 7 years, he is presumed dead.

(常与to + inf连用)放肆;擅作主张 A servant ought not to presume.

(与on, upon连用)指望;寄希望于…

We must not presume too mush on the reliability of such sources.

18. avocation vocation vacation avocation

n.(个人)副业, 业余爱好 vocation

n.职业;行业 天职;使命 vacation n.假期

I worked in a small beachside restaurant during the college vacation. 19. authentic authoritative authentic

真实的：与事实相符并且值得相信、信赖的： an authentic account by an eyewitness.

真正的：有着经证实的来源或创作者的;非伪造的或非复制的： an authentic medieval sword. 一把真正的中世纪剑 authoritative

或吸引力

He tried to adorn his story with a lot of lies

20. appliance applicant application appliance

n.用具, 器具 applicant

n.申请者, 请求者 application

n.请求, 申请, 申请表, 应用, 运用

21. alley ally alley

n.小路, 巷, (花园里两边有树篱的)小径

ally

v.结盟, 与...(在血统, 性质等上)有关联, 同盟 n.同盟国, 支持者

22. accession access accession

n.就职, 就任, 添加, 增加 access

n.通路, 访问, 入门 vt.存取, 接近