考博英语阅读长难句解析：同位语从句

一、理论常识

同位语从句是对其前面的抽象名词(例如：idea , insistence , instruction , order , plan , proposal等)进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。同位语从句的结构一定是先行词加引导词加上从句的构成，that并不是可以引导同位语从句的引导词，whether , why , who . 从句一定要具有完整的句子结构，主谓宾都必须齐全，引导词不充当任何成分。

常见先行词：

belief , fact , hope , idea , doubt , news , rumor , conclusion , evidence ,suggestion , problem , order , answer , decision , discovery , explanation , information , knowledge , law , opinion , truth , promise , report , thought , statement , rule , possibility .

二、真题举例

例句1：scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them . (2010,46)

【重点词汇解析】distinctly，adv. 明显地；eat up 吃光、耗尽

【参考翻译】科学家急忙用一些明显站不住脚的证据去营救，证据内容是如果鸟类不能控制昆虫的话，他们会把我们吃光。

例句2：but the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the media . （2007，48）

【重点词汇解析】profoundly，adv. 深刻地；rest on 依靠、信赖

【参考翻译】但是新闻记者必须比普通公民更深刻的理解法律，这种观点基/依赖于新闻媒体对惯例和特殊责任的理解。

例句3：generally there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states , large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a common set of laws .

【重点词汇解析】sovereign，n. 君主、独立国 adj. 有主权的；viable，adj. 可行的；integrate，v. (使……)成整体 adj. 整合的

【参考翻译】他们普遍认为新生的是拥有主权和完全独立的，大到经济上可运行良好，并由一套共同法律让各个新的独立联合起来。