2019年中国水利水电科学研究院考博英语真题

2019年中国水利水电科学研究院考博英语真题

1. One ______ the new scheme is that it might actually daunt just those applicants that it was intended to encourage.

A. feature of B. problem with C. attraction of D. drawback of

2. Corruption is rife in our society; the integrity of even senior officials is ______.

A. complete B. suspect C. endangered D. corrupted

3. Thankfully, the disease has gone into ______; it may not recur for many years.

A. treatment B. confiscation C. remission D. isolation

4. Trying to ______ about postmodern literature is not only difficult but also foolish because this work encompasses many different styles and elements.

A. complain B. learn C. rhapsodize D. generalize

5. The wall and floor decorations created by Indian housewives are usually ephemeral, remaining hours, days, or at most weeks before being worn off by human activity or weather and replaced by new ______.

A. purchases B. designs C. pictures D. furnishings

6. Since the Romans failed to ______ the tribes in Northern Britain, they built a wall to exclude the tribes.

A. conquer B. impress C. subjugate D. neutralize

7. According to Hume, it is not logic that determines what we say and do; if we decide to help a person in need, we do so because of our ______ not our ______.

A. feelings, reason B. duty, rights

C. consciousness, emotions D. concern, kindness

8. Turner claimed to paint what he saw; yet no painter ever departed further from close imitation or took more ______ with subjects.

A. pains B. care C. liberties D. trouble

9. Most cultures throughout history have their own creation myth, indicating that the origin of life is a ______ interest.

A. distant B. universal C. superficial D. debatable

10. Since the mid-eighteenth century, there has been much ______ between the cultures of France and Germany despite the frequent enmity between those two countries.

A. antagonism B. hostility C. communication D. interaction

Passage 1

It is commonly believed that in the United States that school is where people get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.

Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no limits. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or on the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a respected grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an important part of one’s entire life.

Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of governments, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.

31. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. The best schools teach a wide variety of subjects.

B. Education and schooling are quite different experiences.

C. Students benefit from schools, which require long hours and homework.

D. The more years students go to school, the better their education is.

32. What does the author probably mean by using the expression “Children interrupt their education to go to school” (Paragraph 1)?

A. Going to several different schools is educationally beneficial.

B. School vacations interrupt the continuity of the school year.

C. Summer school makes the school year too long.

D. All of life is an education.

33. What does the word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A. Slices of reality.

B. Similar textbooks.

C. Boundaries.

D. Seats.

34. How is the passage organized?

A. By listing and discussing several educational problems.

B. By contrasting the meanings of two related words.

C. By narrating a story about excellent teachers.

D. By giving examples of different kinds of schools.

Writing (20 points)

Directions: Write an essay based on the following topic. You should use your own ideas, knowledge or experience to generate support for your argument with examples. You should write no less than 200 words. Write your article on the Answer Sheet.

Should people make more decisions on their own and rely less on the advice of experts?

You should give a proper title for your essay and a clear thesis statement in the introductory paragraph.

中国水利水电科学研究院考博英语真题多聚焦水利工程、水资源管理、水环境治理、水灾害防治等专业领域，既要求考生具备扎实的语言基础，更注重考查其在专业语境下的语言应用能力，与研究院培养高层次科研人才的目标高度契合。

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