2020年河北工业大学考博英语真题

2020年河北工业大学考博英语真题

1. The book is useful because it offers not just philosophy and theory but also advising you for everyday living.

A. advises you B. advice C. to you advice D. to advise you

2. The company which is investigating side effects of various drugs have won them their enviable reputation among scientists.

A. have won it is B. have won them an

C. has won it an D. has won them its

3. Alongside the trail on which we ride our bikes every morning run a crooked line of rugged old oak tree.

A. there runs a crooked line of rugged old oak trees

B. there run rugged old oak trees in a crooked line

C. run rugged old oak trees in a crooked line

D. runs a crooked line of rugged old oak trees

4. Never we had seen anything like this style of architecture before, we thought we were looking at giant sculptures, not buildings.

A. Never to see B. Never seeing C. Never having seen D. Never seen

5. Veterans of World War II received greater support from the general public than later wars.

A. than did B. than what did C. than did those of D. than of those

6. Linguistic research often requires a period of fieldwork where the linguist can study and record the spoken dialects of a region.

A. through which B. during which C. with which D. by which

7. About 75 percent of all cadmium is used for cadmium plating of metals are easily corroded such as iron and steel.

A. metals easily corroded B. corroded metals easily

C. corroded easily metals D. easily corroded metals

8. Most fishes and many reptiles have ribs along most of the spine, but in mammals finding them only in the chest area.

A. they find B. which they find C. they are found D. which they are found

9. But in addition to being a man of superstition, Schmidt is a rural scientist, with two masters’ degrees—one each in rural education and cattle behavior.

A. except B. besides C. far from D. except for

10. Americans, increasingly consumed by fears what China poses a commercial and military threat, should be mindful of competition for the loyalties of its oldest ally.

A. by fears that B. with fears why C. by fears how D. for fears whether

11. Since the IQ test was created from the point of view of Europeans, people of other races sometimes scored comparatively higher.

A. Whereas B. Nevertheless C. Though D. Whatever

12. An “epigram” is usually defined to be bright or witty thought that is tersely and ingeniously expressed.

A. defined as B. defined being C. defined to being D. defined for being

13. Many periods happened in history when remarkable progress was made within a relatively short span of time.

A. Periods have been B. Many periods were

C. There have been periods D. Throughout periods there were

14. The term “culture shock” was introduced for the first time in 1958 to describe the anxiety to produce when a person moves to a completely new environment.

A. the anxiety producing B. the anxiety produced

C. the producing anxiety D. producing the anxiety

15. It is incredible to say aggression against the small country should not have been met with the full force of the military power of its allies.

A. unbelievable if B. inconceivable that

C. fantastic for saying D. implausible saying that

A The eruption in May 1980 of Mount St. Helens, Washington State, U.S.A., astounded the world with its violence. A gigantic explosion tore much of the volcano’s summit to fragments; the energy released was equal to that of 500 of the nuclear bombs that destroyed Hiroshima, Japan in 1945.

B The event occurred along the boundary of two of the moving plates that make up the earth’s crust. They meet at the junction of the North American continent and the Pacific Ocean. One edge of the continental North American plate over-rides the oceanic Juan de Fuca micro-plate, producing the volcanic Cascade range that includes Mounts Baker, Rainier and Hood, and Lassen Peak as well as Mount St. Helens.

C Until Mount St. Helens began to stir, only Mount Baker and Lassen Peak had shown signs of life during the 20th century. According to geological evidence found by the United States Geological Survey, there had been two major eruptions of Mount St. Helens in the recent (geologically speaking) past: around 1900 B.C., and about 1500 A.D. Since the arrival of Europeans in the region, it had experienced a single period of spasmodic activity, between 1831 and 1857. Then, for more than a century, Mount St. Helens lay dormant.

D By 1979, the Geological Survey, alerted by signs of renewed activity, had been monitoring the volcano for 18 months, warned the local population against being deceived by the mountain’s outward calm, and forecast that an eruption would take place before the end of the century. The inhabitants of the area did not have to wait that long. On March 27, 1980, a few clouds of smoke formed above the summit, and slight tremors were felt. On the 28th, larger and darker clouds consisting of gas and ashes, emerged and climbed as high as 20,000 feet. In April, a slight lull ensued, but the volcanologists remained pessimistic. Then, in early May, the northern flank of the mountain bulged, and the summit rose by 500 feet.

E Steps were taken to evacuate the population. Most campers, hikers, timber cutters left the slopes of the mountain. Eighty-four-year-old Harry Truman, a holiday lodge owner who had lived there for more than 50 years refused to be evacuated, in spite of official and private urging. Many members of the public, including an entire class of school children, wrote to him, begging him to leave. He never did.

F On May 18, at 8:32 in the morning, Mount St. Helens blew its top, literally. Suddenly, it was 1,300 feet shorter than it had been before its growth had begun. Over half a cubic mile of rock had disintegrated. At the same moment, an earthquake with an intensity of 5 on the Richter scale was recorded. It triggered an avalanche of snow and ice, mixed with hot rock—the entire north face of the mountain had fallen away. A wave of scorching volcanic gas and rock fragments shot horizontally from the volcano’s riven flank, at an inescapable 200 miles per hour. As the sliding ice and snow melted, it touched off devastating torrents of mud and debris, which destroyed all life in their path, Pulverized rock climbed as a dust cloud into the atmosphere. Finally, viscous lava, accompanied by burning clouds of ash and gas, welled out of the volcano’s new crater, and from lesser vents and cracks in its flanks.

G Afterwards, scientists were able to analyze the sequence of event. First, magma—molten rock—at temperatures above 2,000°F had surged into the volcano from the earth’s mantle. The build-up was accompanied by an accumulation of gas, which increased as the mass of magma grew. It was the pressure inside the mountain that made it swell. Next, the rise in gas pressure caused a violent decompression, which ejected the shattered summit gone, the molten rock within was released in a jet of gas and fragmented magma, and lava welled from the crater.

H The effects of the Mount St. Helens eruption were catastrophic. Almost all the trees of the surrounding forest, mainly Douglas firs, were flattened, and their branches and bark ripped off by the shock wave of the explosion. Ash and mud spread over nearly 200 square miles of country. All the towns and settlements in the area were smothered in an even coating of ash. Volcanic ash silted up the Columbia River 35 miles away, reducing the depth of its navigable channel from 210 feet to 14 feet, and trapping sea-going ships. The debris that accumulated at the foot of the volcano reached a depth, in places, of 200 feet.

I The eruption of Mount St. Helens was one of the most closely observed and analyzed eruptions in history. Because geologists had been expecting the event, they were able to amass vast amounts of technical data when it happened. Study of atmospheric particles formed as a result of the explosion showed that droplets of sulphuric acid, acting as screen between the sun and the earth’s surface, caused a distinct drop in temperature. There is no doubt that the activity of Mount St. Helens and other volcanoes since 1980 has influenced our climate. Even so, it has been calculated that the quantity of dust ejected by Mount St. Helens—a quarter of a cubic mile—was negligible in comparison with that thrown out by earlier eruptions, such as that of Mount Katmai in Alaska in 1912 (three cubic miles). The volcano is still active. Lava domes have formed inside the new crater, and have periodically burst. The threat of Mount St. Helens lives on.

This passage has 9 paragraphs labeled A-Ⅰ.

For questions 21-24, please write the correct letter A-Ⅰ if the paragraph contains the following information.

21. The description of the evacuation of the mountain.

22. The description of the moment of the explosion of Mount St. Helens.

23. Scientists presumed the eruption.

24. The consequences caused by the event.

Questions 25-27 on your answer sheet write:

T if the statement agrees with the information

F if the statement contradicts the information

NG if there is no information on this

25. Geologists would predict the erupting of volcanoes.

26. It is definite that the activity of volcanoes will affect the climate.

27. Inhabitants around the area had all evacuated before the eruption.

Questions 28-30 on your answer sheet write no more than three words or a phrase to answer the questions.

28. What are the dates of the TWO major eruptions of Mount St. Helens before 1980?

29. How do scientists know that the volcano exploded around the two dates above?

30. Of what do larger and darker clouds consist?

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