2018年MBA考研英语二完形填空真题及答案解析

SectionⅠ Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A],[B], [C] or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to _1_ uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will_2_ to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will_ 3 _.

In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested student’s willingness to _4 _themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one _5 _, each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would _6 _an electric shock when clicked.

Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified, another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. _7_ left alone in the room， the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would _8_. Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, _9_ the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.

The drive to_10_ is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for _11_ or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago, a co-author of the paper. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can _12_ new scientific advances, for instance—but sometimes such _13_ can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do _14_ things is a profound one.

Unhealthy curiosity is possible to _15_ , however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to _16_ how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to _17_ to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the _18_ of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. “Thinking about long-term _20_ is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity.” Hsee says. In other words, don’t read online comments.

1. [A] protect    [B] resolve    [C] discuss      [D] ignore

2. [A]refuse        [B]wait     [C] regret       [D] seek

3. [A] hurt         [B]last      [C] mislead      [D] rise

4. [A]alert      [B] tie        [C] treat      [D] expose

5. [A] message       [B] review       [C] trial     [D]concept

6. [A]remove        [B] weaken   [C] interrupt    [D] deliver

7. [A] When    [B]If     [C] Though    [D] Unless

8. [A] continue      [B] happen      [C] disappear    [D] change

9. [A] rather than    [B] regardless of       [C] such as      [D]owing to

10. [A] discover      [B]forgive      [C] forget      [D] disagree

11. [A]pay      [B] marriage      [C] schooling     [D] food

12. [A] lead to     [B]rest on     [C] learn from     [D] begin with

13. [A] withdrawal      [B] persistence       [C] inquiry     [D]diligence

14. [A] self-reliant     [B] self-deceptive       [C] self-evident    [D]self-destructive

15. [A] define     [B] resist        [C] replace    [D] trace

16. [A] overlook   [B] predict      [C] design     [D] conceal

17. [A] remember      [B] promise       [C] choose     [D]pretend

18. [A]relief     [B] plan   [C] duty       [D] outcome

19. [A] why       [B] whether    [C] where    [D] how

20. [A] consequences   [B]investments   [C] strategies      [D] limitations

答案解析：

1、[答案][B] resolve

[解析]此处考察词义辨析。首段首句以问句形式提出文章中心：人们浏览网络负面评论信息以及做一些明显令人痛苦的事情的原因。第二句给出原因：因为人们内心里有一种____(生活中的)不确定因素或不安的需求，空格处所需的动词需要和后面的宾语uncertainty构成语义搭配。B选项resolve (解决、消除)符合语义要求;A选项protect(保护)，C选项discuss(讨论)，D选项ignore(忽略)带入空格后，语义不通顺，均排除。故正确答案为B选项resolve。

2、[答案][D] seek

[解析]此处考察词义辨析。空格所在句指出：这项新研究表明，这种求知需求如此强烈以至于人们会_____(答案)来满足他们的好奇心即使他们清楚答案会_____。空格处所填入的词需要和后面隐含的宾语答案来构成顺畅的语义搭配，只有D选项seek(试图、设法、寻找)符合要求;A选项refuse(拒绝)，B选wait(等待)，C选项regret(遗憾)带入后，语义不通顺。故正确答案为[D]seek。

3、[答案][A] hurt

[解析]此处考察词义辨析。空格所在句指出：这项新研究表明，这种求知需求如此强烈以至于人们寻找答案来满足他们的好奇心即使答案明显 本句中的even when(即使)构成了前后的对立关系，因此空格处所填入的词需和前面的感情色彩词“strong”及语义构成对立，只有A选项hurt(令人痛苦)符合要求;另外此处的it is clear that the answer will hurt 也和第一句中的that will obviously be painful 构成了近义复现。故A选项为正确答案。

4、[答案][D] expose

[解析]此处考察固定短语。空格所在处，构成了___oneself to sth结构，只有D选项expose符合要求(使某人暴露在……中)，故D选项expose为正确答案。

5、[答案][C] trail

[解析]此处考察词义辨析。本段段首提到“a series of four experiments”，空格所在句给出其中一个实验的信息，只有C选项trail与experiment语义相近，故正确答案为C选项trail。

6、[答案][D]deliver

[解析]此处考察上下文信息对应以及动宾搭配问题。上文指出：For one trial， each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment。 在一个试验中，研究人员给每位受试者一堆笔并声称其源于先前的实验。这是实验的背景。下文具体实验展开，Half of the pens would… an electric shock when clicked。 有一半的比在按下的时候会使使人触电。所以比对选项，要选择deliver ，发出，递送。因此选择 D。 deliver

7、[答案][A]when

[解析]此处考察上下文句间的逻辑关系。空前空后是状语的关系。上文讲的是Twenty-seven students were told which pens were rigged; another 27 were told only…研究人员告知了27名受试学生哪些笔是内有玄机，而另外27名学生只知道有些笔是带电的。下文就是具体的发生的实验状态了。当他们独自在房里时， … 而不是条件if， unless或者 转折关系。因此选择A。

8、[答案][B]happen

[解析]此处考察上下语境下的句内动词关系。根据上文的实验背景，试验中27个人知道哪些笔是内有玄机，而另外27名学生只知道有些笔是带电的。下面的告知了实验的结论 ：当他们独自在房里时，那些不知哪些笔带电的学生按下了更多的笔头，比这些受试者多，后面是定语，显然这些受试者是只上文被告知的人，所以这些人知道the students who knew what would happen，强调结果性。所以选择B。 happen

9、[答案][D]such as

[解析]此处考察句间的逻辑关系。上文在之后其他刺激因素的实验中， 后文讲到具体的实验：指甲刮黑板的声音和令人生厌的昆虫图片 显然这里需要例证关系，故选择D.such as

10、[答案][A]discover

　[解析]此处考察上下文的信息对应和句内信息对应。这是个中心复现词，文章开篇提出：The human drive to resolve uncertainty is so strong …人们对于寻找答案以消除不确定因素总是乐此不疲。再根据上文的实验，都表示这是一种discover的需求，越是不确定的，越好奇。故选择A。 discover

11、[答案][D] food

[解析]此处考察同义复现。这个空出现在卡内基梅隆大学(Carnegie Mellon University)的观点中，前后观点没有任何转折连词，所以前后句应该一脉相承。前文中the drive is deeply rooted in human，指的是人类根深蒂固的本性，而且后文也说到curiosity is a good instinct(本能)，探索的动力在人类中根深蒂固，与食物或避难所的基本动力相当。因此此处应该选food。A选项 pay 支付;B选项 marriage 婚姻;C选项schooling 学习教育，皆不符合文意。

12、[答案][A] lead to

[解析]此处考察成分搭配。原文表达：好奇心通常被认为是一种很好的本能——它会________新的科学进步，此处选择A选项lead to 符合文意。B选项 rest on 取决于;C选项learn from向…学习;D选项 begin with 以…开始，皆不符合文意。

13、[答案][C] inquiry

[解析]此处考察反义复现。原文表达：but sometimes such _________can backfire。 but一词的出现就说明前后两句话是转折句义，前文说好奇心会带来新的科学进步;后文的一个指示代词such一出现，就证明和前句的主语是一致的，在此只能选择curiosity 的近义词，为C inquiry。A 选项 withdrawal 撤回;B选项 persistence 坚持; D选项 diligence 勤奋，皆不符合文意。

14、[答案][B] self-destructive

[解析]此处考察成分搭配。The insight that curiosity can drive you to do______ things is a profound one。因为前文有所提示，but sometimes such _________can backfire，有时候好奇心会适得其反，这句话也是对于上文的承接，因此这里需要填入的是好奇心带来的副作用的表达，因此选[B] self-destructive 自我毁灭的。A 选项 self-reliant自力更生的;C选项 self-evident 显而易见的;D选项self-deceptive自欺欺人的，皆不符合文意。

15、[答案][B] resist

[解析]此处考察同义复现。Unhealthy curiosity is possible to __________， however。 这句话之后出现了论据，用以支撑前文的论点：In a final experiment， participants who were encouraged to predict how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to choose to see such an image，在最后的实验中，那些积极预测自己目睹不太悦目图片感受的受试者，他们选择此类图片的可能性较小。此处picture were less likely to choose to see such an image=resist，是对于本段论点句的同义复现，因为选择B 选项resist。A 选项define定义;C选项replace 替代;D选项trace追踪，皆不符合文意。

16、[答案][B]predict

[解析]此处考察句间逻辑关系，属于句子内部的显性线索。本段首句是本段的中心：然而，抵制病态的好奇心理是并非不可能。所以可以预测出这一段会围绕抵制病态的好奇心会有什么好的影响。In a final experiment， participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.16题所在句子是participants的后置定语，用来修饰受测者，他们积极地去如何，与后面定语从句中目睹不太愉悦的照片后他们将(would)会有什么样的感觉，可以得出是提前想象出来的，故选择B predict，预测。

17、[答案][C]choose

[解析]此处考察句间逻辑关系，属于句子内部的显性线索。此题所在句子结构化简后是participants were less likely to 17 to see such an image。这里面的such image指的是上面提到的an unpleasant picture，所以既然已经知道图片会带来不愉悦的感觉，就不可能去选择了，故选择C ，choose选择。

18、[答案][D]outcome

[解析] 此处考察句间逻辑关系，属于句子内部的显性线索。These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one‘s curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor。 18题所在位置是the 18 of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time此短语是imagining同位语，用来解释imagining：为利用好奇心可提前想象的结果。所以此题选择是的imagining的同义词。

19、[答案][B]whether

[解析]此处考察句间的逻辑关系。imagining can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor。这种结果可以帮助人们决定它们。。。值得一试。根据句间逻辑关系，这些研究结果表明，利用好奇心可提前想象事件的结果，从而帮助人们决定它们是否值得一试。故B whether为正确选项。

20、[答案][A]consequences

[解析]此处考察词义辨析。“Thinking about long-term 20 is key to mitigating the possible negative effects of curiosity，” 思考长期。。。。才是减轻好奇心负面消极影响的关键所在。负面消极影响是好奇心带来的，所以要考虑这种长期的影响，B选项investment投资 C选项strategies 策略D选项limitations限制，都不符合语境，故A选项为正确选项。