摘要:英语学习始于单词,考研英语大纲当中也要求考生至少要熟练掌握5500左右的单词数量。以下是希赛网整理的考研英语词汇(五十一),希望能对各位考生有所帮助。
考生们多记单词不仅能帮助自己理解文章,还能在写作时丰富内容。希赛网整理了考研英语常用词汇(五十一),供各位研考生查看参考。更多考研英语词汇内容,点击考研英语常用词汇汇总进行查看。
高频词:
1. distort [dɪˈstɔːt] v.
v. 歪曲;曲解;使变形;使失真;扭曲
构词:dis 分散 + tort 扭曲 → 扭开 → 曲解
例句:The article gave a distorted picture of his childhood.
这篇文章对他的童年作了歪曲的描述。
The loudspeaker seemed to distort his voice.
他的声音从喇叭里传出来好像失真了。
拓展:
同:buckle, deform, warp
派:distortion 失真
2. distract [dɪˈstrækt] v.
v. 转移(注意力);分散(思想);使分心
构词:dis 分离 + tract 拉,拖 → 被拉开 → 分散
固定搭配:distract sb./sth. (from sth.) 转移(某人)注意力
例句:You’re distracting me from my work.
你使我不能专心工作。
Don’t talk to her—she's very easily distracted.
不要同她讲话—她的注意力很容易分散。
拓展:
派:distracted 分心的
distraction 使人分心的事物
3. diverse [daɪˈvɜːs] adj.
adj. 不同的;多种多样的;形形色色的
构词:di 分开 + vers 转 + e → 转开了 → 不同的
例句:My interests are very diverse.
我的兴趣非常广泛。
The building houses a wide and diverse variety of antiques.
这栋楼里摆放着大量各式各样的古董。
拓展:
同:various
派:diversity 多样性
diversify 使多样化
diversion 转移
4. diversion [daɪˈvɜːʃn] n.
n. 转向;偏移;转移视线(或注意力)的事物;消遣;娱乐
构词:di 分开 + vers 转 + ion 表名词 → 转向;娱乐
固定搭配:river diversion 河流改道
例句:We made a short diversion to go and look at the castle.
我们绕了一小段路去参观城堡。
For the government, the war was a welcome diversion from the country’s economic problems.
政府欢迎这场战争,因为它转移了人们对经济问题的注意力。
The party will make a pleasant diversion.
晚会会是一个很不错的消遣。
拓展:
同:entertainment, transfer, occupation, recreation
5. dominate [ˈdɒmɪneɪt] v.
v. 支配;控制;占据主动,控制战局
构词:domin〔= dom〕房屋;驯服;控制 + ate 做,造成,使… → 紧紧控制 → 统治
例句:As a child he was dominated by his father.
他小时候由父亲主宰一切。
Arsenal dominated the first half of the match.
阿森纳队在上半场比赛中占据上风。
拓展:
派:dominant (基因)显性的;占支配地位的;占优势的
dominating 有影响力的
dominance 支配地位
domination 支配,统治
低频词:
1. criteria [kraɪˈtɪəriə] n.
n. 标准,条件(criterion 的复数)
例句:It is hard to make out what criteria are used.
难以辨清使用了什么标准。
The bank is reassessing its criteria for lending money.
银行正在重新评估其贷款标准。
拓展:
同:indexes
2. criticize [ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz] v.
v. 批评;评论;非难
常用搭配:criticize sb./sth. 批评;批判
例句:The decision was criticized by environmental groups.
这个决定受到了环保团体的批评。
The government has been criticized for not taking the problem seriously.
政府因没有认真对待这个问题而受到指责。
拓展:
同:observe on, to comment on
派:critical 鉴定的
criticism 批评;考证;苛求
critic 批评家,评论家;爱挑剔的人
critique 批评
criticalness 批判性
3. criticise [ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz] v.
v. 批评;吹毛求疵;非难
构词:critic 批评家 + ise 使……,……化 → = criticize批评
例句:She does not criticise rivals who make toys there.
她并不批评那些在中国生产玩具的竞争对手。
It is of course unfair to criticise him for this.
当然,如果此而对国王大加斥责是不公平的。
拓展:
同:find quarrel in a straw
派:critical 鉴定的
criticism 批评;考证;苛求
critic 批评家,评论家;爱挑剔的人
critique 批评
criticalness 批判性
4. crop [krɒp] n./v.
n. 产量;农作物;庄稼
v. 种植;收割;修剪
常用搭配:crop up 出现,发生
例句:His name just cropped up in conversation.
交谈时无意中就提到了他的名字。
Rice farmers here still plant and harvest their crops by hand.
这里种植水稻的农场主仍是人工种植和收割庄稼。
拓展:
同:harvest;gather
派:cropper 种植者
5. cross [krɒs] n./v./adj.
n. 交叉,十字;十字架
v. 杂交;渡过
adj. 交叉的,相反的
常用搭配:have a (heavy) cross to bear 有本难念的经
cross from to 穿越;使交叉
例句:We all have our crosses to bear.
家家有本难念的经。
We crossed from Dover to Calais.
我们从多佛尔横渡到加来。
拓展:
同:chiasm; bridge over; counter
派:crossly 横地;故意为难地;相反地;发怒地
crosswise 横向
crossing 十字路口
6. crow [krəʊ] n./v.
n. 乌鸦;鸣叫
v. 打鸣;自鸣得意
常用搭配:as the crow flies 成直线地;笔直地
crow about/over sth. 扬扬自得地夸口
例句:He is deathly afraid of black crows.
他非常害怕黑乌鸦。
He won’t stop crowing about his victory.
他滔滔不绝地夸耀自己的胜利。
拓展:
同:wrecking bar
派:crowing 喘鸣的
crowing 啼叫
7. crowd [kraʊd] n./v.
n. 人群;观众
v. (一批人)(使)挤满;逼近(某人)
常用搭配:crowd out 挤出;推开
crowd into 涌入
例句:All the old crowd have come out for this occasion.
那些老伙计们都来参加这一庆典。
The hungry refugees crowded around the tractors.
饥饿的难民聚集到拖拉机周围。
拓展:
同:be packed with; band
派:crowded 拥挤的
crowded 拥挤
8. crown [kraʊn] n./v.
n. 王冠;花冠
v. 加冕;居……之顶
常用搭配:take the crown 夺冠
crown court 英国刑事法庭
例句:They want more than the occasional coupon or reward, badge or crown.
他们要的不只是那些偶尔的赠券或者奖励、徽章或者皇冠。
It was cold and raining, and, to crown it all, we had to walk home.
天气寒冷又下着雨,最糟的是我们得走着回家。
拓展:
同:peak; cite
派:crowned 王室的
crowning 较高的
crowned 加冕
9. cruel [ˈkruːəl] adj.
adj. 残酷的,残忍的;使人痛苦的
常用搭配:cruel to sb./sth. 残酷的;冷酷的
例句:It is cruel to keep animals in confined spaces.
把动物关在狭小的空间里是残酷的。
The whole episode had been a cruel deception.
整个经历都是残酷的骗局。
拓展:
同:brutal
派:cruelly 残酷地
cruelty 残酷,残忍,残酷的行为
cruelness 残酷,残忍,刻毒伤人的语言
10. cruise [kruːz] n./v.
n. 巡航,巡游
v. 乘船游览
常用搭配:cruise ship 游轮
例句:We spent two weeks cruising the Bahamas.
我们花了两个星期乘船游览巴哈马群岛。
Vacationers can also add on a week in Florida before or after the cruise.
度假者们还可以在游船旅行前后加上在佛罗里达的一周。
拓展:
同:expatiate
派:cruiser 巡洋舰
11. crush [krʌʃ] v./n.
v. 压坏,压扁
n. 拥挤的人群;迷恋
常用搭配:(have/get) crush on sb. 热恋,迷恋
例句:They crush the olives with a heavy wooden press.
他们用沉重的木制压榨机把橄榄压碎。
I remember the crush I had on their bus driver.
我还记得我对他们巴士司机的迷恋。
拓展:
同:become deformed
派:crushing 压倒的
crusher 打击
crushing 压破
12. crust [krʌst] n./v.
n. 地壳;外壳
v. 盖以硬皮
常用搭配:earn a/your crust 挣钱糊口;谋生
upper crust 上流社会
例句:In his early days, he would do almost anything to earn a crust from the sport.
早年为了能在体育界混口饭吃,他几乎什么都做。
Earthquakes leave scars in the earth’s crust.
地震会在地壳上留下裂痕。
拓展:
同:encloser
派:crusty 易怒的;执拗的;有壳的;像外壳一样的
crustal 壳的;地壳的
crustaceous 外壳的;硬皮的
crusted 生了外皮的;有沉淀的
13. cry [kraɪ] n./v.
n. 叫喊,叫声
v. 哭,哭泣
常用搭配:cry for sb./sth. 哭泣
cry off 大叫;叫喊
例句:There’s nothing to cry about.
没有什么值得哭的。
She tried to stop herself from crying out.
她试图控制住自己不叫出声来。
拓展:
同:bawl out
派:crying 叫喊的
14. crystal [ˈkrɪstl] n./adj.
n. 结晶,晶体
adj. 水晶的;透明的
例句:She was wearing a strand of crystal beads.
她戴着一串水晶珠子。
This is a three-dimensional crystal.
这是一个三维的晶体。
拓展:
同:Irish diamond; clear
派:crystalline 透明的;水晶般的;水晶制的
crystallized 裹有糖霜的;蜜饯的
crystallization 结晶化;具体化
15. cube [kjuːb] n./v.
n. 立方;立方体
v. 使成立方形
常用搭配:water cube 水立方
cube sugar 方糖
例句:The cabinet comes with locks and key and is shaped like a cube.
储藏柜带有锁和钥匙,形状像个立方体。
Remove the seeds and stones and cube the flesh
把籽和果核弄掉,将果肉切成小方块。
拓展:
同:solid
派:cubic 立方体的,立方的
16. cucumber [ˈkjuːkʌmbə(r)] n.
n. 黄瓜;胡瓜
常用搭配:sea cucumber 海参
(as) cool as a cucumber (尤指在困难情况下)非常冷静,泰然自若
例句:He is as cool as a cucumber.
他是个相当冷静的人。
Cucumber is good for soothing tired eyes
黄瓜有助于舒缓眼部疲劳。
拓展:
同:cuke
17. cue [kjuː] n./v.
n. 提示,暗示;线索
v. 给……暗示
常用搭配:cue to do sth. 暗示;提示
(right) on cue 恰好在这时
例句:I think that’s my cue to explain why I’m here.
我想这就是要我解释一下我为什么到这里来。
‘Where is that boy?’ As if on cue, Simon appeared in the doorway.
“那男孩在哪里?”西蒙像是接到了信号一样刚好出现在门口。
拓展:
同:reminder
18. culprit [ˈkʌlprɪt] n.
n. 犯人,罪犯
构词:culp 错,罪 + rit → 犯人
常用搭配:prime culprit 主犯
例句:Police collared the culprit as he was leaving the premises.
罪犯正离开现场时,警察逮住了他。
The police followed home the clue and finally caught the culprit.
警察根据线索追根到底,终于抓住了这个罪犯。
拓展:
同:prisoner
19. cultivate [ˈkʌltɪveɪt] v.
v. 培养;陶冶;耕作
构词:cult 耕种;培养 + iv 有……性质的 + ate 使…… → 耕作;培养
例句:The people cultivate mainly rice and beans.
这里的人们主要种植稻子和豆类。
I want to cultivate the relationship with myself.
我想培养和自己的关系。
拓展:
同:plant, nurse
派:cultivated 耕种的
cultivable 可培养的
cultivation 培养
20. cumulative [ˈkjuːmjələtɪv] adj.
adj. 累积的
构词:cumul 堆积 + ative 有……倾向(性质)的 → 积累的,渐增的
例句:The benefits from eating fish are cumulative.
吃鱼的好处要长期才能显现。
This drug has a cumulative effect.
这种药有渐增的效力。
拓展:
同:accumulated
派:cumulatively 累积地
cumulation 累积
cumulate 累积
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