2020年公共英语三级语法解析：动名词

动名词由动词变化而来，由名词的属性，所以可以当主语，宾语，表语等。所以在很多句子中动名词的用法和动词不定式相同。

一、动名词的构成

(1)直接加ing。

(2)去掉不发音的e加ing。

(3)双写结尾辅音字母加ing。

注：要满足重读、闭音节、结尾是一个辅音字母、辅音字母前是一个元音字母这些全部条件才能双写加ing。

(4)tie、die、lie把ie变y加ing。

二、动名词的用法

(1)作主语

Playing football is my favorite sport.

Travelling with friends at weekend is fun.

作主语的动名词结构复杂且长时，可用it作形式主语。如：

It is fun travelling with friends at weekend.

(2)作宾语

I enjoy playing PC game.

He gave up writing five years ago.

(3)作表语

What he hated most was doing nothing.

Seeing is believing.

动名词作表语时，句子的主语常是无生命名词或what引导的名词性从句。

(4)作定语

There's a dining room in my school.

All the people watching laughed.

(5)动名词的复合结构"物主代词(或名词的所有格)+动名词"。如：

Tom's going home late made her mother angry.

Would you mind my opening the window?

不过，动名词的逻辑主语在遇到以下情况时，必须用名词的普通格(或人称代词的宾格)。

①无生命名词

The girls were afraid of the door suddenly closing.

Fire burns better by oxygen being at work.

②有生命名词，但表泛指。

Have you ever heard of girls smoking?

③两个以上的有生命的名词并列。

Do you still remember my parents and me coming to see you that day?

3.后面常接动名词的动词和短语

mind,enjoy,finish,consider,practise,magine,

keep,suggest,advise,allow,permit,

be worth doing,be used to doing,be busy doing,

can't help doing,it is no good doing,it is no use doing,

look forward to doing,stick to doing,pay attention to doing,

devote to doing,lead to doing