​2012年高等教育自学考试英语(二)冲刺模拟试卷(5)

2012年高等教育自学考试英语(二)冲刺模拟试卷(5)：2012年高等教育自学考试英语(二)冲刺模拟试卷。本试卷总分100分；共有7类型题目

一、词汇

Ⅰ. Vocabulary and Structure从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

1.These speculations sound ______science fiction.
A. like
B. Mike
C. likely
D. dislike

2.A car accident ______him from playing football.
A. enabled
B. abled
C. disabled
D. unabled

3.He cut ______his smoking.
A. in
B. up
C. back
D. down

4.The robber is ______capital punishment.
A. deserving
B. deserved
C. deserving of
D. deserved of

5.He was ______to director.
A. accelerated
B. lifted
C. raised
D. promoted

6.We do not have adequate ______for the use of animals.
A. subsequents
B. substitutes
C. substances
D. substitutions

7.The voters were ______largely by a desire for change.
A. motioned
B. motored
C. motivated
D. motived

8.A major party nominee has the ______advantage of support from the party faithful.
A. critic
B. criticise
C. critical
D. criticism

9.Our likes and ______are all related to social contexts and learning experiences.
A. unlikes
B. dislikes
C. alikes
D. nonlikes

10.When it ______to the latest researches into heart disease，I haven"t the slightest idea.
A. talks
B. speaks
C. tells
D. comes

二、完型填空

Ⅱ. Cloze Test每小题1分，共10分下列短文中有十个空白。每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案。

11.As the plane circled over the airport，everyone sensed that something was wrong. The plane was moving unsteadily through the air，and although the passengers had (11) their seat belts，they were suddenly (12) forward. At that moment，the air-hostess appeared. She looked very pale，but was quite calm.  (13) quickly but almost in a whisper，she informed everyone that the pilot had fainted and asked (14) any of the passengers knew anything about machines or at least how to drive a car.  (15) a moment"s hesitation，a man got up and followed the stewardess(空中小姐)into the pilot"s cabin.
Moving the pilot aside. the man took (16) and listened carefully to the urgent instructions that were being sent by radio from the airport (17) . The plane was now dangerously close to the ground，but to everyone"s relief，it soon began to climb. The man (18) circle the airport several times in order to become familiar with the controls.
Following instructions，the man guided plane towards the airfield. It shook (19) as it touched the ground and then moved rapidly across the field，but after a long run it stopped safely. Outside，a crowd of people who (20) anxiously，rushed forward to congratulate the“pilot”on a perfect landing.
A. installed
B. fastened
C. connected
D. held

12.A. struck
B. pulled
C. thrown
D. falling

13. A. Speaking
B. Breathing
C. Walking
D. Shouting

14.A. suppose
B. if
C. was there
D. perhaps

15.A. After
B. Taking
C. For
D. In

16.A. place
B. flight
C. off
D. his seat

17.A. under
B. down
C. below
D. ahead

18.A. must
B. had to
C. used to
D. needed

19.A. the moment
B. steadily
C. heavily
D. violently

20.A. were watching
B. had watched
C. was watching
D. had been watching

三、阅读理解

Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension每小题2分，共30分从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。

21.Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
When your parents advise you to “get an education” in order to raise your income，they tell you only half the truth. What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide manpower for your society，but not so much that you prove an embarrassment to your society.
Get a high school diploma，at least. Without that，you will be occupationally dead unless your name happens to be George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison，and you can successfully dropout in grade school.
Get a college degree，if possible. With a B. A. ，you are on the launching pad. But now you have to start to put on the brakes. If you go for a master"s degree，make sure it is an M. B. A. ，and is famous. Law of diminishing returns begins to take effect.
Do you know，for instance，that long-haul truck drivers earn more per year than full professors? Yes，the average 1977 salary for those truckers was $ 24，000. While the full professors managed to earn just $ 23，030.
A Ph. D. is the highest degree you can get. Except for a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes，if you pursue such a degree in any other field，you will face a dim future. There are more Ph. D. s unemployed or underemployed in this country than any other part of the world.
If you become a doctor of philosophy in English or history or anthropology or political science or languages or-worst of all-in philosophy. you run the risk of becoming overeducated for our national demands. Not for our needs，mind you，but for our demands.
Thousands of Ph. D. s are selling shoes，driving cars，waiting on table，and endlessly filling out applications month after month. They may also take a job in some high school or backwater college that pays much less than the janitor earns.
You can equate the level of income with the level of education only so far. Far enough，that is，to make you useful to the gross national product. but not so far that nobody can turn much of a profit on you.
 According to the writer，what the society expects of education is to turn out people who______.
A. will not be a disgrace to society
B. will become loyal citizens
C. can take care of themselves
D. can meet the nation"s demands as a source of manpower

22.Many Ph. D. s are out of job because______.
A. they are improperly educated
B. they are of little commercial value to their society
C. there are fewer jobs in high schools
D. they prefer easier jobs that make more money

23.The nation is only interested in people______.
A. with diplomas
B. who specialize in physics and chemistry
C. who are valuable to the gross national product
D. both A and C

24.Which of the following is not true?
A. Bernard Shaw didn"t finish high schools，nor did Edison.
B. One must think carefully before pursuing a master"s degree.
C. The higher your education level，the more money you will earn.
D. If you are too well-educated. you"ll be overeducated for society"s demands.

25.The writer sees education as______.
A. a means of providing job security and financial security and a means of meeting a country"s demands for technical workers
B. a way to broaden one"s horizons
C. more important than finding a job
D. an opportunity that everyone should have

26.Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
The electromagnet was invented in England by William Sturgeon，who took an iron rod and bent it into the shape of a horseshoe. This “horseshoe” was coated with varnish and a layer of copper wire was wrapped around it. An electric current was passed through the wire，thus making the rod magnetic. The rod was now，because of magnetic attraction，able to support nine pounds of iron. In the US，a scientist named Joseph Henry improved on Sturgeon"s electromagnet by insulating the copper wine with silk. He was able to wrap many turns of wire around an iron core without danger of short circuits between the turns. His magnet could hold 2,300 pounds. This experiment prompted Henry to try his hand at converting magnetism into electricity. First he coiled some insulated wire around an iron bar. connecting both ends of the wire to a galvanometer(电流表). The iron bar was placed across the poles of the electromagnet. Then the coil of the electromagnet was connected to a battery. The galvanometer indicated a voltage，then dropped to zero. Henry signaled his assistant to disconnect the coil. The galvanometer showed that once again a voltage had been produced，although this time in the opposite direction. The principle of electromagnetic induction had thus been discovered. Unfortunately for Joseph Henry he did not publish his findings and someone else(Faraday)got the credit for the discovery.
 The principle of electromagnetic was discovered by______.
A. William Sturgeon
B. Joseph Henry
C. Faraday
D. someone else

27.Why did Sturgeon"s electromagnet could support nine pounds of iron?
A. Because the iron rod was bent into the shape of a “horseshoe”.
B. Because the rod was coated with varnish.
C. Because a layer of copper wire was wrapped around the rod.
D. Because the rod was made magnetic by the passing current.

28.What is NOT TRUE about Henry"s electromagnet?
A. His magnet could. hold 2，300 pounds.
B. His magnet was more dangerous.
C. There were more turns of wire around the iron rod in his magnet.
D. His magnet was an improved model.

29.In Henry"s experiment，he connected the wire to______.
A. a galvanometer
B. an iron bar
C. a battery
D. an electromagnet

30.In Henry"s experiment，the galvanometer indicated a voltage when______.
A. the coil was connected to a battery
B. the coil was disconnected to a battery
C. neither A nor B
D. both A and B

31.Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
What are the specific traits that will assist executives to climb the ladder of success? Opinions vary widely. Given approximately equal qualifications and circumstances，some claim the success factor is largely a matter of luck-being in the right place at the right time. Others speak of an almost crazy devotion to work，combined with a degree of ruthlessness. One “expert” maintains that it"s undoubtedly a matter of how much education your mother had.
To make it big，executives must possess four basic skills：
First，drive. Business success takes an unusual amount of energy. A successful executive-almost by definition-is a striver. He will get tense when he is not striving.
Second，people sense. Some say being able to judge people is more important than a high IQ. The skill can be instinctual(本能的)，but in most cases it is painstakingly learned.
Third，communications ability. Different executives make themselves understood in different ways. Some transmit ideas best face to face；others are masters of the telephone call；still others are persuasive writers. One way or another，they all communicate clearly.
Fourth，calm under pressure. No businessman will get very far if he chokes up.
 Some people claim that besides hard work，the success also requires______.
A. equal qualifications
B. specific traits
C. much education
D. a degree of cruelty

32.According to the passage，a high IQ is______.
A. instinctual
B. painstakingly learnt
C. inborn
D. more trivial than people sense

33.The successful executives must______.
A. transmit ideas face to face
B. depend on telephones
C. be persuasive writers
D. express themselves distinctly

34.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Every businessman possesses these four skills.
B. When a striver stops his devotion to work，he will feel quite at ease.
C. These basic skills are not instinctual at all.
D. Mother"s education has undoubted effect on her child"s success.

35.What"s the main idea of the passage?
A. Four skills for successful executives.
B. Some opinions about the success.
C. Specific traits for successful executives.
D. Qualifications and circumstances for climbing the ladder.

四、单词拼写

Ⅳ. Word Spelling每小题0.5分，共10分将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出

36.最佳的；最有利的 a.  o_ _ _ _ _ _

37.发射；发动 v.  l_ _ _ _ _

38.伤残的；残疾的 a.  d_ _ _ _ _ _ _

39.滥用；妄用 v.  a_ _ _ _

40.多媒体的 a.  m_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

41.有缺点的；有缺陷的 a.  d_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

42.得至0；获得 v. a_ _ _ _ _ _

43.促进；提升 v. P_ _ _ _ _ _

44.富裕的；丰富的 a.  w_ _ _ _ _ _

45.忠诚；忠心 n.  l_ _ _ _ _ _

46.经历；忍受 v.  u_ _ _ _ _ _

47.反射；反映；思考 n.  r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

48.令人厌烦的 a.  b_ _ _ _ _

49.检察官；起诉人 n. P_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

50.专家 n.  s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

51.种族的 a.  r_ _ _ _ _

52.不可避免的；必然发生的 a.  i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

53.自杀 v. /n.  s_ _ _ _ _ _

54.方便的 a.  c_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

55.典礼；仪式；礼仪 n.  c_ _ _ _ _ _ _

五、填空

Ⅴ. Word Form每小题1分，共10分将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。

56.People often assume that a decision is fin______(isolate)phenomenon.

57.There might be a massive black hole at the center of our galaxy______(swallow)up stars at a very rapid rate.

58.______(tell)you about it some time before，but I don"t remember it now.

59.Bread and butter______(be)my favorite breakfast.

60.It" high time that we______(do)something to stop pollution.

61.The______(expand)of the factory made room for more equipment.

62.Facts are terrible things if______(leave)spreading and unexamined.

63.As with anything______(carry)to excess，daydreaming can be harmful.

64.Animal research is irrelevant to our health and it can often produce______(mislead)results.

65.______(salary)people who earn more than a few thousand dollars must pay a certain percentage of their salaries.

六、翻译

Ⅵ. Translation from Chinese into English每小题3分，共15分将下列各句译成英语。

66.不论她如何说，我也不相信这个消息。

67.格林先生退休后，由他的儿子接管他的生意。

68.科学家们将必须提出增加世界粮食供应的新方法。

69.我们系的每个学生都喜欢课外活动。

70.它能经受时间的考验。

七、翻译

Ⅶ. Translation from English into Chinese共15分将下列短文译成汉语。

71.Most of us，when we reached our teens，started looking forward to the day when we would occupy places of our own，far from the confines of our families. We saw this moving away as a chance to strike out on our own，to grow，to spread out wings and experience freedom. At the same time，we regarded this independence as temporary-the thing to do until we found the perfect mate and married. Over the years，many millions of people have made this passage from one family to another，with just a brief，often nervous interval of independence in between. But recently，more and more people have begun to challenge the concept that living together is better than living alone. Being single is now accepted as an alternative lifestyle-one that is natural，rewarding，and complete. In fact，being single has become almost fashionable.