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      全国计算机技术与软件专业技术资格（水平）考试，这门新开的信息安全工程师分属该考试“信息系统”专业，位处中级资格。教材《信息安全工程师教程》及考试大纲于7月1日出版，希赛小编整理了信息安全工程师教程学习笔记之Network Security，供大家参考学习。

      Network Security Protocol Introduction

      A security protocol(cryptographic protocol or encryption protocol)is an abstract or concrete protocol that performs a security-related function and applies cryptographic methods.

      A protocol describes how the algorithms should be used.A sufficiently detailed protocol includes details about data structures and representations,at which point it can be used to implement multiple,interoperable versions of a program.

      Cryptographic protocols are widely used for secure application-level data transport.A cryptographic protocol usually incorporates at least some of these aspects:

      Key agreement or establishment

      Entity authentication

      Symmetric encryption and message authentication material construction

      Secured application-level data transport

      Non-repudiation methods

      For example,Transport Layer Security(TLS)is a cryptographic protocol that is used to secure web(HTTP)connections.It has an entity authentication mechanism,based on the X.509 system;a key setup phase,where a symmetric encryption key is formed by employing public-key cryptography;and an application-level data transport function.These three aspects have important interconnections.Standard TLS does not have non-repudiation support.

      There are other types of cryptographic protocols as well,and even the term itself has various different readings;Cryptographic application protocols often use one or more underlying key agreement methods,which are also sometimes themselves referred to as"cryptographic protocols".For instance,TLS employs what is known as the Diffie-Hellman key exchange,which although it is only a part of TLS per se,Diffie-Hellman may be seen as a complete cryptographic protocol in itself for other applications.

      In this chapter，Kerberos protocol、SET protocol、SSL protocol、IPSec protocol and IKE Protocol are introduced.

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