摘要:语法的学习可以是是英语学习中最难理解的了,那么怎么复习考博英语语法呢?希赛网英语频道为大家分享相关内容,更多考试相关资讯,请关注希赛网考博英语频道。
语法的复习是比较枯燥的,同时对于参加博士生入学考试的学员来说,基础语法的学习已经是很久之前的事情了。要想在短期内提高语法基本功,最理想的办法就是复习语法知识和做题。以下是小编为大家整理分享的考博英语常见的语法知识点内容,希望能给大家提供帮助。
1.在时间和条件(有时也在方式、让步等)从句中,主句是一般将来时,从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。
e.g. we’ll go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
i’ll write to you as soon as i get to shanghai.
2.有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句,如果从句的主语与主句主语一致(或虽不一致,是it),从句的谓语又包含动词be ,就可省略从句中的“主语 + be”部分。
e.g. when (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night.
if (you are) asked you may come in.
if (it is) necessary i’ll explain to you again.
3.注意区分不同从句:引导的是什么从句,不仅要根据连词,还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以where为例,能引导多种从句。
e.g. you are to find it where you left it.(地点状语从句)
tell me the address where he lives.(定语从句,句中有先行词)
i don’t know where he came from.(宾语从句)
where he has gone is not known yet.(主语从句)
this place is where they once hid.(表语从句)
1) 时间状语从句
时间状语从句主要由以下连词引导:when, whenever, as, while, since, until, till, before, after, as soon as, once, hardly (scarcely) …when, no sooner …than。
i will discuss the matter with you when we meet tomorrow.
时间状语从句还可由某些可充当连词的名词(the moment, the instant, every time,等)和副词(instantly, directly等)引导:
i will tell you the news the instant i know.
note:
①before除了可表示“在…之前”外,还可用来强调主句所表达的时间、距离很长或花费的力量相比较大,可译为“…才”。(“not …before”可用来强调主句所表达的时间、距离很短或花费的力量相比较小,可译为“…就”)。
it was a long time before i got to sleep again.
②如果位于when引导的分句之前的主句使用过去进行时、过去完成时或“was/were about to, was/were on the point of”等结构时,when表示突然发生某事,可译为“正在…突然”或“刚…就”等。这时,不能够用as或while来代替when。
i was walking on the street when i ran into my old friend john.
2) 条件状语从句
条件状语从句主要由以下连词引导:if, unless, providing/provided (that), suppose/supposing (that), on condition (that), as/so long as, in case等。
so long as you work hard, you will surely achieve good results in examinations.
3) 让步状语从句
让步状语从句主要由以下连词引导:though, although, even if, even though, whatever, however, whoever, wherever, no matter how/ what/ where/ when等。以下介绍几种较特殊的让步状语从句。
(1)while引导的让步状语从句多放在句首,while相当于although,表示“尽管”,“虽然”。
while i admit i did it, i didn’t intend to.
(2)短语“even now/then/so”相当于“though it is/was true”,表示“尽管如此”,“尽管这样”。
the fire was out, but even so, the smell of smoke was strong.
(3) as引导的让步状语从句要倒装。
child as he was, he could speak four languages.
4) 比较状语从句
比较状语从句主要由以下连词引导:(not) as …as, (not) the same as, (not) such …as, not so …as, than, the + 比较级…, the +比较级…等。
we have had a lot more rainfall this year than we had last year.
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