2021年考博英语翻译专项练习（十一）

考博英语翻译题一般包括英译汉题、汉译英题。其中汉译英要求考生能将一篇社会、文化、经济或科技类汉语短文译成英语，要求译文忠实原文，无明显误译、漏译；译文通顺，用词正确、表达基本无误，无明显语法错误；总量为150个左右汉字。英译汉要求考生能将一篇英语社会、文化、经济、科技等为背景的英语短文译成汉语，要求译文忠实原文，无明显误译、漏译；译文通顺，用词正确、表达基本无误，无明显语病；总量为100个左右单词。为帮助大家更好的备考这类翻译题型，小编为大家整理了部分院校的往年考博英语翻译真题（武汉大学），一起来练习下吧。

Part A

Direction: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese．

As a trainer, what exactly motivates you to get up and go to work each morning? Is it money, recognition, affiliation, or something else?

Still others have limited self-images of what they can achieve, an image often shaped by a boss or an organization．

71．I believe the key to personal effectiveness at work (and to job satisfaction, also) is knowing what motivates us to perform at our best. It's then up to us to seek opportunities to fulfill these motivations. When a job no longer motivates us, it's time to move on. Jobs have lifecycles, so take stock of where you are and decide if that's where you want to be. Consider the following．

1．Do you enjoy what you do? Nobody's excited about their job all the time, but you need to derive something from the work each day if you're going to perform effectively. And money usually isn't a motivator. We're motivated by the desire to do good, to be effective, to connect with others, to be creative, or to make a difference. What really lights your fire? Have you gotten away from that in your work? You may have, yet not even know it．

2．Does your organization want you to realize your full potential? I believe many organizations lack the competence to develop or even keep good people. I've seen too many cases of individuals sent packing from organizations because they were more talented than their boss could stand, or because they did not always play by the company rules．

72．Also, prejudice and chauvinism still exist in the workplace. While we like to think women managers have achieved parity with men, this isn't true. The glass (some say concrete) ceiling stull exists in many places. So, if you're a minority, consider how this is affecting your advancement chances. Don't be bitter, but do get busy. It may be time to get out and find something better．

3．Feel plateaued or pigeonholed in your job? Then look for ways to make your job a “learning-ground.” Explore those informal, “out-of-the-box” ways we can keep growing professionally, even if we're suffering from a career slump, working for a tyrant, or “trapped” in a job that doesn't fully use our talents．

For example, find a way to increase responsibility at work (and in so doing, acquire some experience you've been longing to add to your resume). Or eager to be published? Then, write an article for a professional journal. Time to polish your oratorical skills? Speak at a professional conference or serve on the speaker's committee for you local ASTD Chapter．

73．There are always ways to leverage your professional experience, even if that experience has been unpleasant. I know people who've written articles about sexual harassment based on their own negative experiences, then become stars on the speaking circuit because of it. Others have become consultants, specializing in areas they developed while employed by others．

Part B

Direction: Translate the following short paragraph into English and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET．

自从理查德·尼克松向癌症宣战以来已经有三十年了。其间，不少希赛网、学者耗费巨资试图寻找各种方法以攻克这个难题。但是今天的癌症死亡率与七十年代仍旧差不多一样高。美国妇女中死于乳腺癌患者是世界上许多其他的五到三十倍。在泰国每十万妇女中仅2至5人死于乳腺癌，而美国的妇女会有30至40人遭此厄运。就其原因，没有人会否认其与饮食很有关系。有些科学家认为：“每天人们摄入二至三磅食物，这是我们与环境最大范围的接触。”因此人们必须十分重视良好的饮食习惯。虽说正确的饮食习惯不能根除世界上的癌症，但它有利于减少患癌症的风险。

KEY

Part A

71．我认为个人的工作效力(以及对工作的满意度)的关键在于要了解是什么动机激励人们在工作时达到较高效率或最满意的状态。当然，这取决于我们自己要寻求机会来满足并利用激励因素。当一项工作再也不能激励我们进步时，也就是该挪窝跳槽之日了。每种工作都具有生命周期，因此，要对你所干的工作做出准确的判断和评价以决定它是否仍是你想继续留守的地方。考虑如下几个因素。

72．同样，在工作中还存在偏见和沙文主义。我们总以为在女经理与男经理之间实现了平等，但事实并非如此。玻璃(有人说混凝土)天花板在许多地方仍然存在着。所以，如果你处于少数，则应该细想一下它会怎样影响你事业上的发展机会。不要怨恨和觉得痛苦，但一定不要让自己闲着。这也许是应该辞职去寻找更好的工作的时候了。

73．总有许多影响你职业经历的途径，即使这种经历令人不快。我知道有些人根据令人伤感的自身经历撰写了性骚扰的文章，而正是此举使巡回演讲的她们一举成名。还有一些人在受雇于人的同时，当兼职顾问，专门从事这方面的工作。

Part B

It has already been three decades since Richard Nixon declared fight against cancer, during which many specialists and scholars spent a large amount of money trying to seek various ways to crack this hard nut. Yet today the death rate of cancer is nearly as high as it was in the 1970s. American women's death rate of breast cancer is five to thirty times as high as that of women in many other countries of the world. In Thailand, only two to five out of every 100,000 women die of breast cancer, whereas in the United States, 30 to 40 meet that fate. Among all the reasons, no one denies that diet is a large part of the reason. Some scientists hold, “It's our greatest exposure to the environment because humans put two to three pounds of food into their bodies every day.” Hence people should place a great emphasis on good eating habits. Though the correct eating habit can't eliminate cancer in the world, it can help reduce the risk of cancer．