2019年考研英语一翻译题

考研 责任编辑:胡陆 2019-07-04

摘要:希赛网英语考试频道分享2019年考研英语一翻译题,更多关于考研英语的相关信息,请关注希赛网英语考试频道。

Part C

Directions:

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

It was only after I started to write a weekly column about the medical journals, and began to read scientific papers from beginning to end, that I realised just how bad much of the medical literature frequently was. I came to recognise various signs of a bad paper: the kind of paper that purports to show that people who eat more than one kilo of broccoli a week were 1.17 times more likely than those who eat less to suffer late in life from pernicious anaemia. (46)There is a great deal of this kind of nonsense in the medical journals which, when taken up by broadcasters and the lay press, generates both health scares and short-lived dietary enthusiasms.

Why is so much bad science published? A recent paper, titled “The Natural Selection of Bad Science”, published on the Royal Society’s open science website, attempts to answer this intriguing and important question. It says that the problem is not merely that people do bad science, but that our current system of career advancement positively encourages it. What is important is not truth, but publication, which has become almost an end in itself. There has been a kind of inflationary process at work: (47)nowadays anyone applying for a research post has to have published twice the number of papers that would have been required for the same post only 10 years ago. Never mind the quality, then, count the number.

(48)Attempts have been made to curb this tendency, for example, by trying to incorporate some measure of quality as well as quantity into the assessment of an applicant’s papers. This is the famed citation index, that is to say the number of times a paper has been quoted elsewhere in the scientific literature, the assumption being that an important paper will be cited more often than one of small account. (49)This would be reasonable if it were not for the fact that scientists can easily arrange to cite themselves in their future publications, or get associates to do so for them in return for similar favours.

Boiling down an individual’s output to simple metrics, such as number of publications or journal impacts, entails considerable savings in time, energy and ambiguity. Unfortunately, the long-term costs of using simple quantitative metrics to assess researcher merit are likely to be quite great. (50)If we are serious about ensuring that our science is both meaningful and reproducible, we must ensure that our institutions encourage that kind of science.

【答案】

(46)在医学杂志上有很多这样的废话。当被广播公司和非专业媒体报道时,这些废话会引起健康恐慌和短暂的饮食狂热。

(47)现在人们申请科研工作不仅要发表论文,而且所发论文的数量必须比10年前的数量多1倍。

(48)人们已经努力去控制这一趋势,例如,试图 通过将某 种对论文质量和数量的衡量纳入到申请人论文的评估中。

(49)如果我们认真确保我们的科学既有意义又可重复利用,那么我们必须确保我们的研究机构鼓励那种科学。

(50)如果我们认真确保我们的科学既有意义又可重复利用,我们必须确保我们的制度鼓励这种科学。

【试题点评】翻译考查考生在准确理解的基础上,按照英语语法结构拆分句子,准确、通顺翻译汉语的能力。具体相关考点和解题思路在考研教育网考研英语强化班的翻译部分有重点讲解。

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