英语四六级语法：倒装句之部分倒装

在出现以下情况时，需要使用部分倒装：

情况一：only修饰的状语（副词、介词短语或状语从句）位于句首；

如：Only after three operations was he able to walk.

做过三次手术之后，他才能行走。

值得注意的是，当only修饰主语时，则不倒装。

如：Only that girl knew how to work out the problem.

只有那位女生知道怎样解那道题。

情况二：含有否定意义的副词（never, seldom, little, few, not, nowhere等）位于句首；

如：Seldom in all my life have l met such a brave man.

我一生很少见过这么勇敢的人。

Little did he realize the danger he faced.

他几乎没有认识到他面临的危险。

情况三：so/neither/nor开头的句子，说明前面的内容也适用于后者时，用倒装句“so/neither/nor+be/have/助动词／情态动词＋主语”。

如：John can't speak Japanese, nor can Helen.

约翰不会讲日语，海伦也不会。

情况四：not only...(but also)...位于句首引导两个分句时，前一个分句中的主谓要采用部分倒装，第二个分句则不倒装。

如：Not only does he teach in school, but he writes novels.

他不但在学校教书，而且还写小说。

典型例题：

1. Why can't I smoke here?

At no time___ in the meeting-room

A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted

C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit

答案A. 当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。

2. Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.

A. man did know B. man know C. didn't man know D. did man know

答案D. 看到Not until…的句型，我们知道知识点为倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。

改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。

3.No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.

A. the game began B. has the game begun

C. did the game begin D. had the game begun

答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句（谓语前置）。

注意：只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构，如Not only you but also I am fond of music。

4.---Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?

---I don't know，_____.

A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also

答案：B. nor为增补意思"也不关心"，因此句子应倒装。A错在用 don't 再次否定，C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。D缺乏连词。

注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。例如：

Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. 汤姆邀我去踢球，我去了。

---It's raining hard. ---So it is. 雨下得真大。是呀。