考研201英语（一）在线题库每日一练（五）

本文提供考研201英语（一）在线题库每日一练，以下为具体内容

1、In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends,（1）those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can（2）  a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to （3）the marriage negotiations, or the young man's parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. （4）, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. （5）a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying（6）a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, （7）by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and （8）  prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, （9）cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and （10）a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the （11）. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife's parents and may（12）with them up to a year,（13）they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to （14）, but not common. Divorced persons are （15）with some disapproval. Each spouse retains（16）property he or she（17）into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is（18）equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice （19）up: The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry（20）the woman must wait ten months.

问题1

A、by way of

B、as well as

C、on behalf of

D、with regard to

问题2

A、adapt to

B、provide for

C、compete with

D、decide on

问题3

A、close

B、renew

C、arrange

D、postpone

问题4

A、In theory

B、Above all

C、In time

D、For example

问题5

A、Although

B、Lest

C、After

D、Unless

问题6

A、into

B、within

C、from

D、through

问题7

A、since

B、or

C、but

D、so

问题8

A、test

B、copy

C、recite

D、create

问题9

A、folding

B、piling

C、wrapping

D、tying

问题10

A、lighting

B、passing

C、hiding

D、serving

问题11

A、meeting

B、association

C、collection

D、union

问题12

A、grow

B、part

C、deal

D、live

问题13

A、whereas

B、until

C、for

D、if

问题14

A、obtain

B、follow

C、challenge

D、avoid

问题15

A、isolated

B、persuaded

C、viewed

D、exposed

问题16

A、wherever

B、however

C、whenever

D、whatever

问题17

A、changed

B、brought

C、shaped

D、pushed

问题18

A、divided

B、invested

C、donated

D、withdrawn

问题19

A、clears

B、warms

C、shows

D、breaks

问题20

A、while

B、so that

C、once

D、in that

2、France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.        Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That's a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death—as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.        The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.        The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep—and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.        The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.        In contrast to France's actions, Denmark's fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: “We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people.” The charter's main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week (CFW), which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.        Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry. 1.According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?2.The phrase “impinging on” (Paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to（  ）.3.Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?4.A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for（  ）.  5.Which of the following may be the best title of the text?

问题1

A、Physical beauty would be redefined.

B、New runways would be constructed.

C、Websites about dieting would thrive.

D、The fashion industry would decline.

问题2

A、indicating the state of

B、heightening the value of

C、losing faith in

D、doing harm to

问题3

A、The French measures have already failed.

B、New standards are being set in Denmark.

C、Models are no longer under peer pressure.

D、Its inherent problems are getting worse.

问题4

A、pursuing perfect physical conditions

B、caring too much about models' character

C、showing little concern for health factors

D、setting a high age threshold for models

问题5

A、A Challenge to the Fashion Industry's Body Ideals.

B、A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France.

C、Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty.

D、The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry.

3、“There is one and only one social responsibility of business,” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist,“ That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.’’ But even if you accept Friedman's premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders' money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies—at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a company's products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company's products as an indirect way to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect,” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under America's Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company's products as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms' political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company's record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial lab our-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about 20% results in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials,” says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they decide their do-gooding policies. But at least they have demonstrated that when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.1.The author views Milton Friedman's statement about CSR with（  ）.2.According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by （  ）.  3.The expression “more lenient”(Paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to （  ）.  4.When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company's CSR record （  ）.  5.Which of the following is true of CSR, according to the last paragraph?

问题1

A、uncertainty

B、skepticism

C、approval

D、tolerance

问题2

A、guarding it against malpractices

B、protecting it from being defamed

C、winning trust from consumers

D、raising the quality of its products

问题3

A、less controversial

B、more lasting

C、more effective

D、less severe

问题4

A、comes across as reliable evidence

B、has an impact on their decision

C、increases the chance of being penalized

D、constitutes part of the investigation

问题5

A、The necessary amount of companies' spending on it is unknown.

B、Companies' financial capacity for it has been overestimated.

C、Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked.

D、It has brought much benefit to the banking industry.

4、There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. “Sometime in the future,” the paper's publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there's plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper—printing presses, delivery trucks—isn't just expensive; it's excessive at a time when online-only competitors don't have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn't waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way.“ Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,” he said, “but if you discontinue it, you're going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that's worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. “It was seen as a blunder," he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge at the Times? “I wouldn't pick a year to end print,” he said. “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they'd feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you're overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,” Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.” In other words, if you're going to make a print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year—more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription.“It's a really hard thing to do and it's a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn't have a legacy business,” Peretti remarked. “But we're going to have questions like that where we have things we're doing that don't make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it's better to be more aggressive than less aggressive.” 1.The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly due to（  ）.2.Peretti suggests that, in face of the present situation, the Times should（  ）.  3.It can be inferred from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that a “legacy product” （  ）.  4.Peretti believes that, in a changing world （  ）.  5.Which of the following would be the best title of the text?

问题1

A、the increasing online ad sales

B、the pressure from its investors

C、the complaints from its readers

D、the high cost of operation

问题2

A、make strategic adjustments

B、end the print edition for good

C、seek new sources of readership

D、aim for efficient management

问题3

A、helps restore the glory of former times

B、is meant for the most loyal customers

C、will have the cost of printing reduced

D、expands the popularity of the paper

问题4

A、traditional luxuries can stay unaffected

B、cautiousness facilitates problem-solving

C、aggressiveness better meets challenges

D、legacy businesses are becoming outdated

问题5

A、Shift to Online Newspapers All at Once.

B、Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your Hand.

C、Keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion.

D、Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good.

5、“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,” wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii's last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands' inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii' s shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope's visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars. 1.Queen Liliuokalani's remark in Paragraph 1 indicates（  ）.2.Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to （  ）.  3.The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because（  ）.  4.It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today's astronomy（  ）.  5.The author's attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of（  ）.

问题1

A、the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society

B、her conservative view on the historical role of astronomy

C、the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times

D、her appreciation of star watchers' feats in her time

问题2

A、its religious implications

B、its protective surroundings

C、its geographical features

D、its existing infrastructure

问题3

A、it may risk ruining their intellectual life

B、they fear losing control of Mauna Kea

C、their culture will lose a chance of revival

D、it reminds them of a humiliating history

问题4

A、is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians

B、helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world

C、may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture

D、will eventually soften Hawaiians, hostility

问题5

A、severe criticism

B、full approval

C、passive acceptance

D、slight hesitancy